| 基于顶板水预疏放的首采工作面涌水规律 |
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| 引用本文： | 李永涛,杨建.基于顶板水预疏放的首采工作面涌水规律[J].煤田地质与勘探,2019,47(4):104-109. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李永涛 杨建 |
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| 作者单位： | 乌审旗蒙大矿业有限责任公司;中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 |
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| 基金项目： | 煤炭开采水资源保护与利用国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目（SHJT-16-30.10）；中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司创新基金面上项目（2018XAYMS03） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了建立符合蒙陕接壤区煤炭开采防治水技术体系，以纳林河二号矿井首采工作面为例，开展了覆岩破坏规律、水文地质条件、涌水量预计、顶板水预疏放等研究，结果表明:应用钻探取心、钻孔冲洗液漏失量观测和钻孔彩色电视探测手段，实测得到首采工作面导水裂缝带高度为103.23 m，裂高（导水裂缝带高度）采厚比为18.8，导水裂缝带可沟通3段含水层，其中直罗组底部含水层钻孔涌水量92.0~136.0 m3/h、水压4.0~5.6 MPa，呈"水量大、水压高、分布不均"的特点，是威胁工作面回采安全的最主要含水层。回采过程中顶板水主要由静态储存量和动态补给量构成，采用"动静储量结合法"计算得到静态储存量和动态补给量分别为2.596×106 m3和417.6 m3/h。对顶板水开展分段预疏放条件下，整个工作面回采过程中采空区涌水量与推采步距呈正相关关系，随着顶板周期性滞后垮落，导水裂缝带也周期性发育至高点（直罗组底部含水层），采空区涌水量又呈台阶式增长。最终总预疏放水量4.235×106 m3，采空区总涌水量5.313×106 m3，首采工作面总排水量为622.8 m3/h，与预计排水量596.9 m3/h相差4.2%。涌水量准确预测和顶板水提前预疏放，是实现首采工作面防治水安全的关键，可以为鄂尔多斯盆地北部深埋区提供防治水技术支撑。
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| 关 键 词： | 涌水规律 首采工作面 预疏放 导水裂缝带 纳林河二号矿 蒙陕接壤区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-11-22 |
Water inflow law of the first working face based on water pre-draining from roof |
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| Abstract: | In order to establish water control technology system in Inner Mongolia-Shaanxi contiguous area, we carried out some researches(e.g. overburden failure law, hydrogeological conditions, prediction of water inflow and pre-drainage of roof water) in Nalinhe No.2 coal mine. The results showed that three methods(i.e. coring, drilling fluid leakage observation and borehole color TV detection) were used to explore water-conducting fracture zone(103.23 m), and the ratio of the height of the fractured zone to the mining height was 18.8. Water-conducting fracture zone could connect three aquifers, and the Zhiluo Formation bottom aquifer was the main aquifer threatening safety mining. Water inflow and pressure of borehole were 92.0-136.0 m3/h and 4.0-5.6 MPa respectively. There were obvious characteristics with large amount of inflow, high pressure and uneven distribution. The static storage capacity and dynamic supply capacity were calculated with dynamic and static reserve combination method, and the values were 2.596×106 m3 and 417.6 m3/h respectively. Subsection method of roof water pre-draining was used to discharge static storage capacity. There was a positive correlation between water inflow in goaf and mining interval in the whole working face during mining process. With the periodic lag collapse of roof, the water-conducting fracture zone also developed periodically to the highest point. Water inflow in goaf increased stepwise too. The total inflow of pre-draining was 4.235×106 m3, and water inflow of working face goaf was 5.313×106 m3. The error was 4.2% between actual drainage(622.8 m3/h) and calculated drainage(596.9 m3/h) in the first coal mining face. Accurate calculation of the inflow and upfront roof water pre-draining were key steps for roof water safety of the first coal mining face, and the technology could be used in other coal mines of Inner Mongolia-Shaanxi contiguous area. |
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