| 我国产出的铀酰砷酸盐矿物及其环境矿物学意义 |
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| 引用本文： | 李艺.我国产出的铀酰砷酸盐矿物及其环境矿物学意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2004,23(3):261-267. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李艺 |
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| 作者单位： | 广西师范大学,资源与环境学系,广西,桂林,541004 |
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| 基金项目： | 广西自然科学基金资助项目 (桂科基 0 14 40 3 0 ) |
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| 摘 要： | 对我国产出的铀酰砷酸盐矿物的矿物学特征、形成环境和环境矿物学意义进行了较系统的综合论述。铀酰砷酸盐矿物是主要产出于铀矿床氧化带中比较特征的黄绿色表生矿物，是寻找原生铀矿床(体)的重要矿物学标志，化学组成主要是AsO4]^3-和UO2]^2 ，其中As和U均是对环境造成极大危害的有毒或放射性有害元素。As、U的地球化学性质十分活跃，在不同的酸、碱和氧化还原介质环境中的分解、迁移能力均很强，在矿床氧化带中的分解、迁移扩散会对矿区周围及其下游地区造成较大范围的严重环境污染。而在弱酸性至中性介质条件下，AsO4]^3-和UO2]^2 结合并与各种金属阳离子化合可形成相对稳定的铀酰砷酸盐矿物，由此可在一定程度上减少U、AS的迁移扩散及其对环境的危害。
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| 关 键 词： | 铀酰砷酸盐矿物 矿物学特征 环境矿物学 环境意义 中国 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-6524(2004)03-0261-07 |
Uranium acyl arsenate minerals in China and their environmental mineralogical significance |
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| LI Yi.Uranium acyl arsenate minerals in China and their environmental mineralogical significance[J].Acta Petrologica Et Mineralogica,2004,23(3):261-267. |
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| Authors: | LI Yi |
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| Abstract: | Mineralogical characteristics, formation environments and environmental mineralogical significance of uranium acyl arsenate minerals in China are discussed systematically in this paper. They are supergene minerals occurring in oxidized zones of uranium deposits and assuming green-yellow colors. This kind of minerals can be used as one of the mineral indicators in search for uranium deposits. They are mainly composed of ~(3-) and ~(2+), in which As and U are known as poisonous and harmful elements causing environmental pollution. These elements are very active and have strong capacity of decomposition and migration in different acid, alkaline and oxidation-reduction media. Decomposition, migration and diffusion of arsenic and uranium result in serious extensive environmental pollution in mines and their downstream areas. Relatively stable uranium acyl arsenate minerals can be formed under the condition of weak acid to neutral media through combining ~(3-) with ~(2+) and other metallic cations. This process can reduce transportation and diffusion of uranium and arsenic and relieve to some extent their harmful effect on environment. |
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| Keywords: | uranium acyl arsenate mineral mineralogical characteristics environmental mineralogy environmental significance China |
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