| 郊区化进程中北京城市内部迁居及相关空间行为——基于千份问卷调查的分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 冯健,周一星.郊区化进程中北京城市内部迁居及相关空间行为——基于千份问卷调查的分析[J].地理研究,2004,23(2):227-242. |
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| 作者姓名： | 冯健 周一星 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京大学城市与区域规划系,北京100871 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用千份问卷调查资料 ,研究居住郊区化进程中北京城市居民的迁居行为、第二住宅与季节性郊区化 ,以及包括通勤、出行和购物等在内的相关空间行为。研究表明 ,北京本地城市化和近郊化的特征明显 ,单位福利分房和原居住地拆迁是居民迁居的主要原因 ,居民职住分离现象十分普遍 ,传统单位制下职住合一的空间格局已被打破 ;城市第二住宅多用于商业出租等用途 ,表现出一定程度的季节性郊区化特点 ,但尚未达到规模集聚的程度 ;在居住郊区化的进程中 ,北京城市居民的通勤、出行和购物等空间行为均有一定程度的变化。
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| 关 键 词： | 城市内部迁居 第二住宅 通勤 居住郊区化 北京intra-urban migration the second house commuting residential suburba-nization Beijing |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0585(2004)02-0227-16 |
| 收稿时间： | 2003-08-12 |
| 修稿时间： | 2003年8月12日 |
Intra-urban migration and correlative spatial behavior in Beijing in the process of suburbanization: based on 1000 questionnaires |
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| FENG Jian,ZHOU Yi-xing.Intra-urban migration and correlative spatial behavior in Beijing in the process of suburbanization: based on 1000 questionnaires[J].Geographical Research,2004,23(2):227-242. |
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| Authors: | FENG Jian ZHOU Yi-xing |
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| Institution: | Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China |
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| Abstract: | Using the data of 1,000 questionnaires, the authors try to analyze the behavior of intra-urban migration and residential suburbanization, the second house and seasonal suburbanization, and other correlative spatial behaviors including commuting, traveling and shopping of urban residents in the process of suburbanization in Beijing. The main findings include the following: To begin with, the moving ratio is higher in Beijing, comparing with that in other Chinese cities, and the moving ratio in the inner suburb of Beijing is the highest, comparing with that in the core and the outer suburb, showing the typical characteristics of inner suburbanization in Beijing. The fact that the temporal characteristics of intra-urban migration accord well with the process of development of real estate and renewal of the old city in Beijing reflects the development of residential suburbanization. In Beijing, investigation of intra-urban migration also shows that local urbanization and inner suburbanization are obvious, that the most important reasons of intra-urban migration include the allocation of housing by danwei (place of work), and housing rehabilitation, and that the separation between habitation and place of work has broken the traditional pattern of unity of habitation and job, causing the changes of urban residential spatial structure. Secondly, the authors think that there are 900 thousand second houses in Beijing. Then, why do urban residents have their second houses? Investigation shows that the most important reason is the allocation of housing by danwei, and the second one is that they need them when work. Most of the second houses are put out to lease,for other purpose and inhabitancy by parents or some relatives coming from hometown. In Beijing, second house has not reached the extent of centralization in large scale, although it manifested some characteristics of seasonal suburbanization. Thirdly, the behavior of commuting, traveling and shopping of Beijing's residents changed in the process of residential suburbanization. Migration improves the commuting of long period in Beijing. On weekdays, migration improves the traffic conditions of urban residents, with the decreasing of ratio of changing buses in the core and the increasing of ratio of private cars in the core and inner suburb, while on weekends, migration also changes the traffic ways of urban residents with the increasing of ratios of non-changing buses and private cars, inflecting the characteristics of change and renewal of urban traffic ways. The changes of choice of shopping place of Beijing's residents and the changes of frequency of going to shopping place of residents now and ten years ago are investigated and analyzed, indicating that urban residents in Beijing are decreasing their dependence on commercial facilities in the core, and that residential suburbanization is quickening its step. |
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| Keywords: | intra-urban migration the second house commuting residential suburba-nization Beijing |
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