| RS与GIS支持下的草地雪灾监测试验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 史培军,陈晋.RS与GIS支持下的草地雪灾监测试验研究[J].地理学报,1996,51(4):296-305. |
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| 作者姓名： | 史培军 陈晋 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京师范大学资源与环境科学系，国家教委环境演变与自然灾害开放研究实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家“八五”科技攻关项目,国家教委博士点基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 冬季降雪是影响我国北方草原牧区畜牧业发展的重要因子。在草地雪灾监测和危险性评价过程中，确定积雪区域和积雪深度与牧草高度之间的关系是关键步骤。通过在内蒙古锡林郭勒草原的试验研究，可以认为：应用ＮＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲ气象卫星资料确定积雪分布范围、应用地面气象站观测的降雪量资料及由ＤＥＭ生成的地形参数确定积雪深 是在较大范围内进行雪灾监测的有效方法。
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| 关 键 词： | RS GIS 雪灾 监测 试验研究 草地 气象卫星 |
STUDY ON MONITORING SNOW DISASTER IN LARGE AREAS SUPPORTED BY GIS AND RS |
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| Shi Peijun,Chen Jin.STUDY ON MONITORING SNOW DISASTER IN LARGE AREAS SUPPORTED BY GIS AND RS[J].Acta Geographica Sinica,1996,51(4):296-305. |
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| Authors: | Shi Peijun Chen Jin |
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| Abstract: | Snow cover is an improtant factor influencing animal husbandry in winter in the north part of China. The relationship among grass height,snow cover area and snow depth is a key to determine the harmfulness of snow disaster.So.using NOAA/AVHRR image to get the snow cover area and using snowfall and topographic indices from DEM to measure snow depth will provide a practical way to monitor large area snow disasters. In this paper,Xilingol League in Inner Mongolia is selected as a study area,and following problems are studies:1.Clouds and snow surfaces have similar characteristics in both visible and infrared spectra.How to identify them in determining snow cover area is necessary but difficult. Multi-temporal composite technique in processing NOAA/AVHRR image is presented and testified as an effective method in this paper.2. Two topographic indices of wind sheltering fetch and relief from DEM are put forward,which are main factors influencing snow depth.Then the model of the relationship between snow cover depth and snowfall and above indices is built,and the distribution pattern of snow cover depth is revealed.3. By overlaying snow depth map and grass height map. the harmfulness of snow disaster is evaluated in the study area. |
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| Keywords: | snow disaster GIS RS |
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