| 长江流域可持续发展能力评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈利顶,傅伯杰.长江流域可持续发展能力评价[J].地理科学,2000,20(4):301-306. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈利顶 傅伯杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心，北京 100085 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院资源与环境重大项目!A(KZ95 1-A1-2 0 2 -0 4)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 阐述了可持续发展能力的概念和特点，提出了可持续发展能力评价的指标体系和方法，并以长江流域７省１市人例，从自然和经济的角度评价了长江流域各省市９０年代以来可持续发展能力的动态变化。评价结果表明：９０年代以来，长江流域各省区人工资本积累能力、人力资源和科学技术资源支持能力总体上为持续上升趋势，但各省区增长的速度略有差异；而自然资源的支持能力为不断下降趋势，同时人口压力还在不断加大；环境资源支持能力各省
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| 关 键 词： | 长江流域 可持续发展 能力评价 能力建设 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-0690(2000)04-0301-06 |
Assessment on Sustainability in Yangtze River Basin and Improvement |
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| CHEN Li-ding,FU Bo-jie.Assessment on Sustainability in Yangtze River Basin and Improvement[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2000,20(4):301-306. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Li-ding FU Bo-jie |
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| Abstract: | The Yangtze River basin covers about 1.8 million km2, taking about 15. 596 of total area of China,and about nine main administration regions are situated in this region. It goes through the central China fromwest to east. Since its rich land resource and water power resource, it plays a significant role in China' s nationalsustainable development. The population within the major nine administration regions in 1997 is about 0.47 bil-lion, the gross national product reaches 3 017 billion yuan(RMB) and the total grain yield is about 199 billionkg. They are respectively 38.4 %, 39.2 %, 40.3 % of the total amount of China in 1997. However, due to nat-ural eco-environmental difference among the lower, the middle and the upper parts of the Yangtze River basin,much difference on social, economic, cultural aspect is still remained for different administration regions. Thus,some practical difficulties are faced to realize sustainable development for the whole basin.
In this study, based on analyzing the characteristics of sustainable development and concept, a reasonableapproach and index for assessing sustainability based on society, economy, technology, resource and ecologicalconservation was proposed. From the real meaning of sustainable development, the authors take the viewpointthat the sustainable development can be considered as a process or re-lay competition between different genera-tions. Normally, when the present generation leave enough resource, or capital for the next generation, the so-cial and economic development process will be sustainable. Otherwise it will be unsustainable or destructive if thepresent generation consume much resource and leave less for the next generation. Therefore, the evaluation in-dices for sustainability of a region comprises of seven aspects: man-made capital accumulation, human resourcecapacity, scientific and technological resource supporting ability, natural resource supporting ability, environ-mental capacity and supporting ability, population pressure and social development administration level. Basedon the above evaluation indices, a case study focusing on assessing sustainability from natural and economic as-pects was carried out in the Yangtze River basin.
The results indicate that since the 1990s, the man-made accumulation capacity, human resource capacity,scientific and technological supporting ability in all the administration regions in the Yangtze River basin are in asustainable growth, however the increase rate is quite different for different regions. In general, the supportingcapacity of natural resource for sustainable development is gradually decreased and the population pressure is be-coming higher since the 1990s. The supporting ability of environmental resource for sustainable development ischangeable for different regions in the Yangtze River basin. Based on the above results, some basic measures forenhancing the sustainability of whole Yangtze River basin are suggested. The most importance is that while en-hancing sustainability for individual administration regions, strengthening the cooperation between different ad-ministration regions and different departments on optimism utilization of the common resource in the YangtzeRiver basin will be imperative. |
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| Keywords: | Yangtze River basin Sustainability Assessing approach Sustainability improvement |
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