Geoarchaeological evidence for dredging in Tyre's ancient harbour, Levant |
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| Authors: | Nick Marriner |
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| Institution: | CEREGE, CNRS UMR 6635, Université de Provence, Europôle Méditerranéen de l'Arbois, BP 80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, Cedex 04, France |
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| Abstract: | Chrono-stratigraphic data from Tyre's ancient northern harbour delineate extensive dredging practices during the Greco-Roman and Byzantine periods. Radiocarbon dates from four cores consistently cluster between ca. 500 B.C. and 1000 A.D. and indicate rapid rates of sedimentation in the basin, namely ∼10 mm/yr during the Greco-Roman and Byzantine periods, compared to 0.5-1 mm/yr for the period 6000-4000 B.C. Absence of strata between 4000 B.C. and 500 B.C. is not consistent with a natural base-level sediment sink and cannot be interpreted as a depositional hiatus in the high-stand systems tract. Ancient dredging is further corroborated by persistent age-depth inversions within the fine-grained harbour facies. These data support removal of Middle Bronze Age to Persian period sediment strata, with deliberate overdeepening of the harbour bottom by Greco-Roman and Byzantine societies. |
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| Keywords: | Geoarchaeology Geochronology Stratigraphy Coastal geomorphology Dredging Ancient harbour Phoenicia Mediterranean |
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