Paleoclimate simulations of the mid-Holocene and last glacial maximum by FGOALS |
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| Authors: | ZHENG Weipeng YU Yongqiang |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029 |
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| Abstract: | Paleoclimate simulations of the mid-Holocene (MH) and Last Glacial maximum
(LGM) by the latest versions of the Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land
System model, Spectral Version 2 and Grid-point Version 2 (FGOALS-s2 and g2)
are evaluated in this study. The MH is characterized by changes of
insolation induced by orbital parameters, and the LGM is a glacial period
with large changes in greenhouse gases, sea level and ice sheets.
For the MH, both versions of FGOALS simulate reasonable responses to the
changes of insolation, such as the enhanced summer monsoon in African-Asian
regions. Model differences can be identified at regional and seasonal
scales. The global annual mean surface air temperature (TAS) shows no
significant change in FGOALS-s2, while FGOALS-g2 shows a global cooling of
about 0.7oC that is related with a strong cooling during boreal winter.
The amplitude of ENSO is weaker in FGOALS-g2, which agrees with proxy data.
For the LGM, FGOALS-g2 captures the features of the cold and dry glacial
climate, including a global cooling of 4.6oC and a decrease in
precipitation by 10%. The ENSO is weaker at the LGM, with a tendency of
stronger ENSO cold events. Sensitivity analysis shows that the Equilibrium
Climate Sensitivity (ECS) estimated for FGOALS ranges between 4.23oC
and 4.59oC. The sensitivity of precipitation to the changes of TAS is
～2.3% oC-1, which agrees with previous studies. FGOALS-g2 shows
better simulations of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)
and African summer monsoon precipitation in the MH when compared with
FGOALS-g1.0; however, it is hard to conclude any improvements for the LGM. |
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| Keywords: | paleoclimate FGOALS PMIP3 mid-Holocene LGM |
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