| 益母草对钉螺化感作用的实验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 唐万鹏,王万贤.益母草对钉螺化感作用的实验研究[J].湿地科学与管理,2006,2(4):47-53. |
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| 作者姓名： | 唐万鹏 王万贤 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 湖北省林业科学研究院,武汉,430072
2. 湖北大学,武汉,430062 |
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| 摘 要： | 本实验研究分别采用益母草的根、茎、叶的0.10、0.25、0.50、2.00、1.00g/L和水苏碱的0.20、0.40、0.60、0.80、1.00g/L5个不同浓度梯度的处理液处理钉螺,设清水和0.001g/L浓度的氯硝柳胺溶液为对照。结果表明:(1)益母草各部分的水浸液均有很好的灭螺效果,用不同浓度的处理液浸杀钉螺,在不同时间的处理下,钉螺死亡率存在差异,其钉螺死亡率是随处理浓度的增加和时间的延长呈上升趋势,0.5g/L以上的益母草根、茎、叶、化水浸液和浓度达0.60g/L以上的水苏碱处理液均可达到100%的毒杀钉螺致死效果,与通常使用浓度0.001g/L氯硝柳胺溶液的灭螺效果相当。不过益母草根、茎、叶水浸液的毒效较氯硝柳胺略慢,用0.001g/L氯硝柳胺溶液处理钉螺2～3d可达100%的死亡率,而用0.5g/L以上的益母草根、茎、叶水浸液水溶液处理需要3～5d才能达到同样的效果;灭螺效果顺序依次为:叶>茎>根。(2)钉螺趋避性研究表明,水苏碱和益母草根、茎和叶的处理液对钉螺具有明显的驱逐作用,而盐酸益母草碱几乎没有作用。(3)并对其剂量-效应与时间-效应进行了研究分析,由此获得化感作用植物益母草灭螺的化学生态学证据,为研制新的具中国特色的植物成份灭螺剂打下了基础,并为合成仿生灭螺剂以及最终构建生态工程中强化感作用植物群落灭螺提供理论依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 益母草 钉螺 化感作用 生态工程灭螺 控制血吸虫病 |
The Allelopathy of Leonurus artemisia to Oncomelania hupensis |
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| TANG Wan-Peng,WANG Wan-Xian.The Allelopathy of Leonurus artemisia to Oncomelania hupensis[J].Wetland Science & Management,2006,2(4):47-53. |
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| Authors: | TANG Wan-Peng WANG Wan-Xian |
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| Institution: | 1.Hubei Provincial Academy of Forestry, Wuhan 430079; 2.Hubei University, Wuhan 430062 |
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| Abstract: | In this study, five concentrations of extractions of roots,stems and leaves of Leonurus artemisia (0.10, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 g/L), and stachydrine (0.20,0.40,0.60,0.80,1. 00g/L) were respectively used to treat Oncomelania hupensis, and 1 mg/L niclosamide and pure water were set as control.Following findings were obtained: 1) The extractions of roots, stems, leaves of Leonurus artemisia had significant molluscicidal effect on O. Hupensis. The mortality rate differs among different concentrations and different durations of treatment, the mortality rate increases with the increase of concentration and duration. The mortality rate was 100% when treated either with Leomurus artemisi over 0.5 g/L or stachydrine over 0.60 g/L, equivalent to the treatment with 0.001 g/L niclosamide. The treatment with 0.5g/L Leomurus artemisi extraction had a slower effect than the treatment with niclosamide, the mortality rate reached100% when treated with 0.001 g/L niclosamide for 2-3 days, while it would need 3-5 days when treated with 0.5g/L Leomurus artemisi extraction. The molluscicidal effect of different parts of the plant was in an order of: leave> stem> root. 2) Both stachydrine and the extraction of Leomurus artemisi had significant expelling effect on O. hupensis, but leonurine hydrochloride almost had no effect. 3) The dose-effect and time-effect were determined by regression analysis. We have obtained chemiecological evidence on molluscicidal effect of Leonurus artemisiis on O. hupensis. These results provide a good foundation for developing new plant molluscacide, and theoretical evidences for synthesizing biomimetic molluscacide and growing plants with strong allelopathy to prevent O. hupensis. |
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| Keywords: | Leonurus artemisia Oncomelania hupensis Allelopathy Ecological measures Schistosomiasis control |
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