| 戏曲文化的空间扩散及其文化区演变——以国家非物质文化遗产淮剧为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴康.戏曲文化的空间扩散及其文化区演变——以国家非物质文化遗产淮剧为例[J].地理研究,2009,28(5):1427-1438. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴康 |
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| 作者单位： | 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京,100048 |
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| 摘 要： | 基于文化地理学理论,运用传统定性与定量互补的研究方法,以淮剧为例进行了分析。首先,淮剧的传播和发展大致分为四个阶段,第一、二阶段以扩展扩散为主,第三阶段以迁移扩散为主,第四阶段主要体现出传染扩散的效应;淮剧扩散的空间结构表现为由文化源地沿着多条交通线扩散,并逐渐形成了苏北和上海的双中心结构。其次,基于现有的研究提出了淮剧空间扩散模型,揭示了灾变事件导致的大规模移民是扩散的主要因素。第三,以县、区为基本空间单元,将淮剧文化区划分为核心区、外围区和过渡区,总结出淮剧文化区存在着南、北两大文化亚区和北亚区内又分化出东、中、西三片子文化亚区的空间分异特征。最后,通过选取典型年份下专业淮剧团的数量变化来考察淮剧文化区的演变轨迹,发现核心文化区十分稳定地集中在盐城和淮安两市,外围区和过渡区呈现先扩张后收缩的空间趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 淮剧 文化扩散 文化区 戏曲地理 非物质文化遗产 苏沪 |
| 收稿时间： | 2008-12-18 |
| 修稿时间： | 2009-07-11 |
The spatial diffusion of opera culture and the evolution of cultural region: Taking Huai Opera, the intangible cultural heritage as a case study |
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| WU Kang.The spatial diffusion of opera culture and the evolution of cultural region: Taking Huai Opera, the intangible cultural heritage as a case study[J].Geographical Research,2009,28(5):1427-1438. |
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| Authors: | WU Kang |
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| Institution: | College of Resources Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China |
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| Abstract: | Traditional operas are an important component in the Chinese traditional culture. The research on its spatial diffusion and on the evolution of cultural region is conducive to China's intangible cultural heritage protection. Based on the theory of cultural geography, this paper uses the traditional qualitative method combined quantitative method to analyze the traditional Huai Opera culture. Firstly, the spreading and developing of Huai Opera can be divided into four stages. The first and second stages are mainly expansion diffusion; the third stage is mainly relocation diffusion combined with stimulus diffusion; and the fourth shows the effect of contagious diffusion. The spatial structure of the diffusion of Huai Opera displays a point-axis structure which diffuses along various transportation lines (waterway of canal to the north of the Yangtze River and railway to the south) from the culture origin, and gradually develops into a double-center structure composed of northern Jiangsu and Shanghai. Secondly, based on current research, a qualitative model for the spatial diffusion of Huai Opera is presented, which indicates that the main reasons for the diffusion is the large-scale migration caused by disasters. Besides, geomorphy, environments of culture and art, regional gravitation, and spatial accessibility in different periods also have an influence on the diffusing process and spreading channel of Huai Opera in different degrees. Third, taking the county as the basic spatial units, the cultural region of Huai Opera is divided into three types, i,e. core region, periphery region and transition region. And a summary has been made on the spatial differential feature associated with the cultural region of Huai Opera, which shows that in the region there are two cultural sub-regions of north and south, and the latter can still be further divided into eastern, central and western parts. Finally, through the observation on the evolution orbit of the cultural region of Huai Opera by selecting the qualitative variation of professional Huai Opera troupes at four typical time points: 1955, 1965, 1984 and 2006. It is discovered that the core region stably centralizes in the two cities of Huai'an and Yancheng, while the periphery region and transition region display the spatial tendency from expansion to contraction, which are closely connected with the cultural root, spatial decay as well as the grand atmosphere of culture and art. |
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| Keywords: | Huai Opera cultural diffusion cultural region opera geography intangible cultural heritage Jiangsu Shanghai |
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