| 非岩溶流水中碳酸盐岩试块的侵蚀速率及其控制因素: 以湖南郴州礼家洞为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘再华,吴孔运,汪进良,李强,孙海龙,韩军.非岩溶流水中碳酸盐岩试块的侵蚀速率及其控制因素: 以湖南郴州礼家洞为例[J].地球化学,2006,35(1):103-110. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘再华 吴孔运 汪进良 李强 孙海龙 韩军 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质科学院,岩溶地质研究所,国土资源部,岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西,桂林,541004 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院资助项目，国土资源部"百人计划"项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 2004年2月、9月、12月和2005年3月,利用澳大利亚产的微侵蚀计(M EM,M icroe-rosion m eter)对湖南郴州礼家洞观测点非岩溶流水中的碳酸盐岩(包括石灰岩和白云岩)试块进行了侵蚀速率的精确测定,共取得数据1550个。用SPSS应用软件对数据进行了处理,发现礼家洞非岩溶流水中的碳酸盐岩的侵蚀速率异常的高,最大的达到了13.6mm/a。在每次测量碳酸盐岩侵蚀速率的同时,使用德国WTW公司生产的MultilineP3多参数自动记录仪,对每个碳酸盐岩试块放置点的水温、pH值、电导率进行了现场监测,并取回水样分析了其中的主要阴阳离子浓度。通过对这些水化学资料的分析,发现礼家洞非岩溶流水的侵蚀能力很强,表现在水的CO2分压很高(可达到12882Pa),而方解石和白云石的饱和指数很低(分别达到-4.78和-10.35)。对比发现,非岩溶流水中碳酸盐岩的侵蚀速率与其方解石和白云石的饱和指数呈负相关关系,即水中方解石和白云石的饱和指数愈低,碳酸盐岩的侵蚀速率就愈高。此外,观察发现,碳酸盐岩试块本身的结构特别是本试验中白云岩的粗晶结构对其侵蚀速率有巨大的影响,反映了机械侵蚀(流水的物理搬运)对侵蚀速率的贡献(可达90%以上),这与传统的将碳酸盐岩试片放入土壤中测得的主要是化学溶蚀速率不同。
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| 关 键 词： | 非岩溶水(外源水) 化学溶蚀 物理侵蚀 侵蚀速率 流速 石灰岩 白云岩 |
| 文章编号： | 0379-1726(2006)01-0103-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005年7月27日 |
In situ precise measurement of erosion rates of carbonate rock blocks under flowing non-karst water using micro-erosion meter and the rate-determining factors |
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| LIU Zai-hua,WU Kong-yun,WANG Jin-liang,LI Qiang,SUN Hai-long,HAN Jun.In situ precise measurement of erosion rates of carbonate rock blocks under flowing non-karst water using micro-erosion meter and the rate-determining factors[J].Geochimica,2006,35(1):103-110. |
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| Authors: | LIU Zai-hua WU Kong-yun WANG Jin-liang LI Qiang SUN Hai-long HAN Jun |
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| Abstract: | In February, September, December, 2004 and March, 2005, erosion rates of carbonate rock blocks in flowing non-karst water at Lijiadong, Chenzhou, Hunan Province were accurately measured with micro-erosion meter made in Australia. After processing these erosion rates with SPSS statistical software, it was found that erosion rates of carbonate rock blocks in non-karst water of Lijiadong observation site were very high, with the highest of 13.6 mm/a. While measuring the erosion rates of carbonate rock blocks in non-karst water, the multi-parameter recorder of Multiline P3 made in Germany was used to measure temperature, pH and conductivity of water in situ, and the main ions in the water samples were analyzed in our laboratory. The results show that erosion power of the non-karst water at Lijiadong observation site is very strong. In other words, in the non-karst water was very high (up to 12 882 Pa), and the saturation index of calcite and dolomite was very low (up to -4.78 and -10.35, respectively). There is reverse correlation between erosion rates of carbonate rocks and the saturation index of dolomite and calcite, i.e., the lower the saturation index of calcite and dolomite, the higher the erosion rates of carbonate rocks. Furthermore, the texture of carbonate rocks, especially the texture with coarse particles in dolomite rock showed strong influences on erosion rates of carbonate rocks, implying that the mechanical remove of the particles made huge contribution to erosion rates (possibly >90%). This is different from traditional method measuring erosion rates of carbonate rocks in soil, the latter representing mainly the chemical dissolution but not erosion (including both chemical dissolution and physical erosion). |
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| Keywords: | non-karst water (allogenic water) chemical dissolution physical erosion erosion rate flow speed limestone dolomite |
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