| 贫困山区不同生命周期旅游扶贫村居民绩效感知的比较研究——以恩施州旅游扶贫村为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 王安琦,韩磊,乔花芳,李琳,谢双玉.贫困山区不同生命周期旅游扶贫村居民绩效感知的比较研究——以恩施州旅游扶贫村为例[J].山地学报,2020,38(2):265-275. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王安琦 韩磊 乔花芳 李琳 谢双玉 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中师范大学 地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430079;中国旅游研究院 武汉分院,武汉 430079;华中师范大学 地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430079;中国旅游研究院 武汉分院,武汉 430079;华中师范大学 地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430079;中国旅游研究院 武汉分院,武汉 430079;华中师范大学 地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430079;中国旅游研究院 武汉分院,武汉 430079;华中师范大学 地理过程分析与模拟湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430079;中国旅游研究院 武汉分院,武汉 430079 |
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| 基金项目： | 教育部人文社会科学研究项目;教育部人文社会科学研究项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 居民感知是旅游扶贫政策实施效果评价的一个重要视角,扶贫村的生命周期是影响扶贫绩效感知的因素之一,相关研究的深入开展对于贫困山区实现脱贫目标具有一定意义。本研究以位于武陵山集中连片特困地区的恩施州的22个旅游扶贫村为案例地,通过问卷调查和访谈收集数据,运用因子分析法探索居民对旅游扶贫绩效感知的维度,以旅游地生命周期理论为指导判定各村所处的生命周期阶段,运用单因素方差分析法比较不同生命周期阶段扶贫村居民对旅游扶贫绩效感知的差异。结果表明:(1)居民对旅游扶贫政策执行的感知包括政策执行力度、微观政策覆盖面、宏观政策覆盖面三个维度,对旅游扶贫效果的感知包括经济、社会、环境正负效果六个维度;(2)旅游扶贫村分别处于探索、参与、发展和稳固阶段,且大多数处于探索、参与阶段;(3)扶贫村居民对政策执行力度和广度的感知水平均随着旅游业发展阶段的提升而不断增强,表明旅游扶贫政策的实施既得到了居民的认可,也促进了旅游业的发展;(4)发展、稳固阶段扶贫村居民对经济和环境成本的感知水平都显著高于探索或参与阶段,同时,对经济和环境效益以及素质提升的感知水平也显著较高,表明在旅游发展较成熟的扶贫村,旅游发展带来的积极效应和负面影响并存。本研究针对处于不同生命周期阶段扶贫村存在的问题提出了相应的发展对策,可以为扶贫村居民脱贫和旅游发展目标的制定提供科学依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 旅游扶贫村 旅游地生命周期 旅游扶贫绩效 居民感知 恩施州 |
A Comparative Study in Residents'Perception of Tourism Poverty-Alleviation Effects among Mountainous Villages in Different Tourism Life Cycle:A Cases of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture,China |
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| WANG Anqi,HAN Lei,QIAO Huafang,LI Lin,XIE Shuangyu.A Comparative Study in Residents'Perception of Tourism Poverty-Alleviation Effects among Mountainous Villages in Different Tourism Life Cycle:A Cases of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture,China[J].Journal of Mountain Research,2020,38(2):265-275. |
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| Authors: | WANG Anqi HAN Lei QIAO Huafang LI Lin XIE Shuangyu |
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| Institution: | (Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis& Simulation of Hubei Province, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, China;Wuhan Branch of China Tourism Academy, Wuhan 430079, China) |
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| Abstract: | Residents'perception is a gradually concerned perspective to evaluate the implementation effect of tourism poverty-alleviation(TPA)policy.Some scholars pointed out that the life cycle of tourism destinations may be one of the influencing factors of poverty alleviation performance perception.Enshi Autonomous Prefecture is a part of Wuling Mountain Contiguous Poor Area and also a key area suitable for implementing tourism poverty alleviation in Hubei province.Taking 22 TPA villages of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture as cases,this research examined whether residents'perception of TPA policy implementation and effects are different among the villages in different life cycle stages.Data were collected by questionnaire from residents and interview from village cadres.Factor analysis was applied to explore the dimensions of residents'perception.Tourist area life cycle theory was applied in judging the life cycle stages of the 22 villages.One-way ANOVA was used to compare residents'perception of different-staged villages.The results showed that:(1)Residents'perception of TPA policy implementation were of three dimensions including policy implementation intensity,micro-policy coverage and macro-policy coverage,while residents'perception of TPA effects were of six dimensions including economic benefits,economic costs,environmental benefits,environmental costs,quality enhancement and social costs;(2)The villages were in exploration,involvement,development and consolidation stage respectively,with 60 percent of them in the first two stages,indicating the immaturity of tourism development there;(3)Residents'perception of both TPA policy implementation intensity and micro-policy coverage significantly increased from the exploration-staged villages to the consolidation-staged ones,and that of TPA macro-policy coverage in the exploration-staged villages were significantly lower than that in the other-staged villages,indicating that the implementation of TPA policies have not only gained residents'recognition but also promoted tourism development;(4)Residents of the development and consolidation-staged villages perceived significantly higher both in economic and environmental costs than those of the exploration or involvement-staged villages,meanwhile perceived significantly higher in economic,environmental benefits and people quality improvement than the other two staged villages,reflecting that the more the villages developed in tourism,the more the positive and negative effects have been both simultaneously brought about.Some suggestions were put forward for the villages in different life cycle stages. |
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| Keywords: | tourism poverty-alleviation villages tourist area life cycle residents'perception tourism poverty-alleviation effect Enshi Autonomous Prefecture |
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