Aircraft Observations of Air-mass Modification Over the Sea of Okhotsk during Sea-ice Growth |
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| Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Jun?InoueEmail author Masayuki?Kawashima Yasushi?Fujiyoshi Masaaki?Wakatsuchi |
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| Institution: | (1) School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, GA, 30332-0340, U.S.A;(2) Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan;(3) Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan |
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| Abstract: | In order to quantitatively investigate the role of leads and sea-ice in air-mass modification, aircraft observations were
conducted over the partially ice-covered Sea of Okhotsk. We investigated two cold-air outbreak events with different sea-ice
concentrations. In both cases, the difference between the temperatures of surface air and the sea surface (ΔT) dropped rapidly with the accumulated fetch-width of leads up to about 35-40 km, and then decreased very slowly. The surface
sensible heat flux originating from open water was about 300 W m−2 within a few kilometres from the coast and decreased with increasing accumulated fetch-width. The sensible heat flux was
about 100 W m−2 on average. These results indicate that the downwind air-mass modification depends mainly on the total (accumulated) extent
of open water. The total buoyancy flux
calculated by the joint frequency distribution method correlated very well with ice concentration. Such a relationship was
not clear in the case of the moisture flux
. The ratio between rising thermals
and cold downdrafts
differed significantly between upwind and downwind regions; that is, the buoyancy flux was dominated by
in the developing stage of the boundary layer, while
also became important after the development of the boundary layer. |
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| Keywords: | Accumulated fetch-width of leads Leads Sea-ice Sea of Okhotsk Turbulent heat flux |
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