Evidence of mesospheric bore formation from a breaking gravity wave event: simultaneous imaging and lidar measurements |
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| Institution: | 1. Center for Space Physics, Boston University, 725 Common wealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA;2. National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, Arecibo Observatory, Arecibo, PR 00612, USA;1. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA;2. Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, NOAA/NCEI, Boulder, CO, USA;3. Toronto, ON, M9B 2L9, Canada;1. National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki, India;2. Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, New Panvel, Navi Mumbai, India;3. 3/78, Periyavilai, Pulippunam, Kanyakumari, India;4. Equatorial Geophysical Research Laboratory, Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Tirunelveli, India;5. MF Radar Facility, Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Shivaji University Campus, Kolhapur, India;1. National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki 517112, India;2. Government College (Autonomous), Rajahmundry 533105, India;3. Department of Physics, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, India;1. School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu–Natal, Durban, South Africa;2. Department of Physics, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Nigeria;1. Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Shivaji University Campus, Kolhapur 416004, India;2. National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Pakala Mandal, Gadanki 517112, Andhra Pradesh, India;3. Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, Navi Mumbai 410218, India;4. Department of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, India |
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| Abstract: | A large wave event was observed in the three upper-mesospheric (80–105 km) airglow emissions of O(1S), Na and OH by the Boston University all-sky imager, at the Arecibo Observatory, during the night of 3 May 2003. The airglow structures appeared to be due to a large upward propagating internal gravity wave, which subsequently became unstable near the 95 km height level and produced large-scale vertical motions and mixing. Simultaneous density and temperature lidar measurements indicated the presence of a large temperature inversion of 80 K valley-to-peak between 88 and 96 km during the time of the event. Near-simultaneous temperature profiles, made by the TIMED SABER instrument, provided evidence that the horizontal extent of the inversion was localized to within 500 km of Arecibo during the wave event. As the gravity wave dissipated, an internal bore was generated, apparently due to the deposition of momentum and energy into the region by the original wave. Although mesospheric gravity wave breaking has been reported previously (Swenson and Mende, 21(1994); Hecht et al., 102(1997); Yamada et al., 28(2001), for example), this was the first time that the phenomenon has been associated with the generation of an internal mesospheric bore. The event suggested that the breaking of a large mesospheric gravity wave can lead to the generation of an internal bore, as suggested by Dewan and Picard 106(2001). Such behavior is of particular interest since little is known of their origins. |
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