| 岩石在破裂孕育过程中声发射变化特征的物理机制研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 许昭永,梅世蓉.岩石在破裂孕育过程中声发射变化特征的物理机制研究[J].中国地震,1994,10(3):293-302. |
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| 作者姓名： | 许昭永 梅世蓉 |
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| 作者单位： | 云南省地震局，国家地震局分析预报中心 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据声发射原理，并假设岩石中颗粒断裂的总几率符合Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ型极值函数，由此导出声发射总数Ｎ与应变能Ｗ，材料断裂构造形状参数ｍ，试样几何尺寸Ｂ及颗粒总数Ｌ的关系。对同一材料的同一试件而言，ｍ对Ｎ的变化形态有显著影响，而应变能的大小则对Ｎ的大小有显著影响，并同时导出声发射率与上述变量及能率的关系。同样，的变化形态受ｍ的制约，的大小则与应变能的大小及能率大小有关。进一步推导还表明，在岩石主破裂前，前兆时间ｔ和的变化不仅与极值应力前后的应变硬化及应变软化程度有关，且与环境刚度（压机刚度）及岩石自身的力学性质有关。摸拟了几条理论曲线，它与实验结果非常一致。
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| 关 键 词： | 声发射，物理机制，材料性质，应力状态，环境条件 |
The Physical Mechanism of Acoustic Emission's Variations Character in the Process of Preparing Crack in Rock |
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| Xu Zhaoyong, Wang bin.The Physical Mechanism of Acoustic Emission''s Variations Character in the Process of Preparing Crack in Rock[J].Earthquake Research in China,1994,10(3):293-302. |
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| Authors: | Xu Zhaoyong Wang bin |
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| Abstract: | Accoding to the principle of acoustic emission and assuming that sum probability ofcrack of grains in rock conforms to the Weibull extremum function, we caculated the relation of the sum total N of acoustic emission with strain energy (W), shape parameter(m) of crack constructure, geometry size (B) of a specimen and the sum total of grain ina rock specimen. For a specimen composed of same material, the varation form of N is influenced obviously by m and the magnitude of N is influenced by strain energy. At thedNsame time, the variation's shape of dt (acoustic emissions'S rate) is conditioned by m. Themagnitude of g is conditioned by strain energy and the speed of energy. We also obtaindNthat precursor period and the variation of dt befor rupturing not only relation to strainharding and strain softing before and after the extremum stress but also environment conditoin (i. e. stiffness) and the mechanic property of rock. Several theoretical curves aresimulated which very coincide with experiment results. |
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| Keywords: | Acoustic emission (AE) Physical mechanism Material Property Stressstate Environment condition |
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