| 基于"标准化"背角无齿蚌(Anodonta woodiana)对太湖五里湖重金属污染的主动监测 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈修报,苏彦平,刘洪波,杨健.基于"标准化"背角无齿蚌(Anodonta woodiana)对太湖五里湖重金属污染的主动监测[J].湖泊科学,2014,26(6):857-863. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈修报 苏彦平 刘洪波 杨健 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,内陆渔业生态环境与资源重点开放实验室,无锡214081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目,中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 将人工繁育的"标准化"背角无齿蚌(Anodonta woodiana)移殖至太湖五里湖,并以仍养殖在未受污染的中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心南泉基地的同批蚌作为对照,进行为期9个月的主动监测研究.每3个月回收一次蚌样,应用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定15种重金属(Al、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Mo、Ag、Cd、Ba、Tl和Pb)的含量.结果表明,南泉基地对照组和五里湖移殖组的蚌样对重金属均产生了明显的生物积累.培养3个月的五里湖移殖组蚌样中As的含量显著高于同期南泉基地对照组,而前者Mn、Fe、Zn和Ba含量显著低于后者;培养6个月的五里湖移殖组蚌样中Al和Pb的含量显著低于同期南泉基地对照组;培养9个月的五里湖移殖组蚌样中Pb含量显著低于同期南泉基地对照组.然而,南泉基地对照组和五里湖移殖组蚌样中重金属(Cr、Cu、As、Cd和Pb)含量均低于我国及国际上的相关标准.培养3、6和9个月的南泉基地对照组及五里湖移殖组蚌样的重金属污染指数分别为1.8、1.8,2.4、2.1和8.3、16.8,均值综合污染指数分别为0.0218、0.0289,0.0337、0.0218和0.0560、0.0732,属于正常背景水平,并且两水体蚌样的重金属污染指数和均值综合污染指数无显著差异,提示五里湖和南泉基地均未受到明显的重金属污染.
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| 关 键 词： | “标准化”背角无齿蚌 主动监测 重金属 生物积累 太湖五里湖 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013/12/26 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/2/24 0:00:00 |
Active biomonitoring of heavy metal pollution level of Wulihu area, Lake Taihu using "standardized" Anodonta woodiana |
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| CHEN Xiubao,SU Yanping,LIU Hongbo and YANG Jian.Active biomonitoring of heavy metal pollution level of Wulihu area, Lake Taihu using "standardized" Anodonta woodiana[J].Journal of Lake Science,2014,26(6):857-863. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Xiubao SU Yanping LIU Hongbo and YANG Jian |
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| Institution: | Key Open Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, P.R.China,Key Open Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, P.R.China,Key Open Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, P.R.China and Key Open Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Resources of Inland Fisheries, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, P.R.China |
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| Abstract: | A group of artificially propagated "standardized" Anodonta woodiana mussels were transplanted to Wulihu area of Lake Taihu for assessing the spatial and temporal trends of heavy metal pollution. Meanwhile, the same batch mussels were continually reared in an unpolluted pond of Nanquan Aquatic Base of Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences as a control group. The period of active biomonitoring by transplantation was over 9 months. Mussels from the transplanted and control groups were recollected, respectively, every 3 months to determine heavy metal (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Ag, Cd, Ba, Tl, and Pb) concentrations using an ICP-MS. The results showed that metal bioaccumulation were presented in both control and transplanted mussels. Arsenic concentration in mussels transplanted to Wulihu area for 3 months was significantly higher than that of control mussels in Nanquan Aquatic Base for 3 months, while concentrations of Mn, Fe, Zn, and Ba in the former were significantly lower than those of the latter;concentrations of Al and Pb in mussels transplanted to Wulihu area for 6 months were significantly lower than those of the same period control mussels of Nanquan Aquatic Base;and Pb concentration in mussels transplanted to Wulihu area for 9 months were significantly lower than that of the same period control mussels. However, concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb) in both control mussels and transplanted mussels were obviously lower than national and international limits. In addition, metal pollution indexes (MPI) of control mussels for 3, 6 and 9 months were 1.8, 2.4, and 8.3, respectively, and those of transplanted mussels were 1.8, 2.1, and 16.8, respectively. The MPI levels of them were consistent. Meanwhile, average synthetically pollution index of control mussels for 3, 6 and 9 months were 0.0218, 0.0337, and 0.0560, respectively, and those of transplanted mussels were 0.0289, 0.0218, and 0.0732, respectively. Their levels of average synthetically pollution index were without significantly different. The results indicated that the background concentrations of heavy metals in Wulihu area and Nanquan Aquatic Base were in the same levels, and both aquatic environments seemed to be without obvious metal pollution. |
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| Keywords: | "Standardized" Anodonta woodiana active biomonitoring heavy metal bioaccumulation Wulihu area of Lake Taihu |
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