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| 太湖鲫鱼数量变化的规律及与环境间关系的分析 | |
| 引用本文： | 刘恩生,刘正文,鲍传和.太湖鲫鱼数量变化的规律及与环境间关系的分析[J].湖泊科学,2007,19(3):345-350. |
| 作者姓名： | 刘恩生 刘正文 鲍传和 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 安徽农业大学动物科技学院,合肥,230036;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京,210008 2. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京,210008 3. 安徽农业大学动物科技学院,合肥,230036 |
| 基金项目： | 中国科学院基金 , 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划) |
| 摘 要： | 通过食物组成分析和渔获物组成调查,并结合历年渔获量统计和环境监测资料,研究了太湖鲫鱼数量变化的规律、机制及与环境间的相互关系.渔获物调查和渔获量统计资料均表明:近年鲫鱼数量不断增加,已成为太湖仅次于鲚鱼的重要鱼类2004年渔获物调查中,鲫鱼占鱼类总重量的8.40%±2.69%,占鲤、鲫鱼渔获量的65.08%±15.47%;历年渔获量统计显示,1952-1998年鲤、鲫鱼渔获量相对稳定在1010.1±367.2 t、占鱼类总量8.89%±5.33%,1999年上升达到2547.4 t、占9.45%,2000年达到3708.7 t,占12.18%;年龄组成分析表明,鲫鱼低龄化趋势在加剧.食性分析表明:在7-12月,微囊藻占鲫鱼食物体积的83.65%-93.99%.分析认为:太湖鲫鱼以微囊藻为主要食物;富营养化加重为其提供了充足饵料,实施禁渔期、禁渔区等措施使其繁殖得到保障,捕捞强度过高导致其年龄组成低龄化、个体小型化.而太湖鲫鱼以蓝藻为主要食物,可能对蓝藻有抑制作用. |
| 关 键 词： | 太湖 鲫鱼 渔获量 年龄组成 食物组成 太湖 鲫鱼 数量变化 规律 环境 关系 分析表 Lake Taihu environment relationship 抑制作用 蓝藻 小型化 高导 捕捞强度 保障 繁殖 禁渔区 禁渔期 实施 |
| 收稿时间： | 2006-05-02 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-05-022006-06-30 |
The changes of catches of Carassius auratus and relationship with environment in Lake Taihu, China |
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| LIU Ensheng,LIU Zhengwen and BAO Chuanhe.The changes of catches of Carassius auratus and relationship with environment in Lake Taihu, China[J].Journal of Lake Science,2007,19(3):345-350. | |
| Authors: | LIU Ensheng LIU Zhengwen and BAO Chuanhe |
| Institution: | Anhui Agicultuml University, Hefei 230036, P. R. China;Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, CAS, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, CAS, Nanjing 210008, P. R. China and Anhui Agicultuml University, Hefei 230036, P. R. China |
| Abstract: | Based on the analysis of food content and the survey of the composition in fish catches and the data of fish catches in Lake Taihu,the amount changes of catches of Carassius auratus Linnaeus and Their Mutual Rela- tionship with Environment were studied.The results of the survey of fish composition in 2004 and the statistics data of fish catches from 1952 to 2004 showed that:Within recent years,the catches of Carassius auratus Linnaeus had been increasing and had become the second dominant fishes following Coilia ectenes taihuensis Yen et Lin.The a- nalysis of age structure showed that the percentage of 0~ fishes increased and the average fish body size decreased. For example,the percentage of 0~ Carassius auratus Linnaeus had been increasing according to the trend of y= 19.154e~(0.0566x) (y means the percentage of 0~ fishes %,x means time a).And the average body length had been decreasing according to the trend of y=115.45e~(-0.0312x) (y means body size cm,x means time a).The results of food content analysis showed that:the percentage of blue-algae accounted for about 83.65%-93.99% of food vol- ume of Carassius aaratus Linnaeus.Under the conditions of eutrophication in Lake Taihu,Carassius auratus Lin- naeus mainly fed on blue-algae;eutrophication resulted in the increasing of blue-algae which could be eaten by the fish.The measures of protecting fishes were carried out to ensure the fish propagating.In addition,the trend of per- centage of low age fishes increasing and the trend of body size of the fishes decreasing were caused by over-fishing. Carassius auratus Linnaeus might restrain blue-algae increasing because it mainly fed on blue-algae. |
| Keywords: | Lake Taihu Carassius auratus fish catches age structure food content |
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