| 1718年通渭M7.5地震滑坡特征分析——黄土高原历史强震触发滑坡数据库的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐岳仁,杜朋,李文巧,张伟恒,田勤俭,熊仁伟,王林.1718年通渭M7.5地震滑坡特征分析——黄土高原历史强震触发滑坡数据库的应用[J].地球物理学报,2020,63(3):1235-1248. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐岳仁 杜朋 李文巧 张伟恒 田勤俭 熊仁伟 王林 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国地震局地震预测研究所, 地震预测重点实验室, 北京 100036;2. 中国地震局地质研究所, 地震动力学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地震局地震预测研究所基本科研业务专项（2019IEF0201，2015IES0102，2017IES0101，2018IEF0306），中国地震局震害防御司课题"六盘山地区活动断裂分段，古地震滑坡和堰塞湖调查"（15230003）及国家自然科学基金项目（41502204）联合资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 利用新技术、新方法,研究历史强震的发震构造及震害,是修订历史强震震源参数的重要内容.本文以1718年通渭M 7.5地震滑坡为研究对象,采用地质学“将今论古”原理,基于历史文献分析、遥感解译、野外验证等方法获得通渭地震滑坡数据库.研究发现,(1)总解译滑坡数量5019处,总面积635 km^2,滑坡密集沿通渭断裂分布,与X度等震线吻合,但范围均向西、向北各扩展约20 km;(2)与2008年汶川M8地震滑坡相比,面积<10^3 m^2的滑坡大量缺失,面积10^3~10^4 m^2的滑坡部分缺失,面积>10^4 m^2的滑坡数量相当;(3)尽管通渭地震滑坡数据库并不完整,但是能够反映极震区中大型滑坡的总体特征,可据此确定极震区范围;(4)通渭地震极震区至少有27处以“泄山”等记录地震滑坡的地名,这些受滑坡影响的居民点集中在通渭断裂两侧,占比超过50%,是致7万人死亡的重要致灾因素.研究认为,在黄土高原地区,确认密集的中大型滑坡体可能由单次历史强震触发,且排除其他远场强震影响之后,可以利用现今多时相的高分辨率卫星影像解译获得“相对完整”的历史地震滑坡数据库,为历史强震震源参数的修订提供基础资料.
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| 关 键 词： | 1718年通渭M 7.5地震 地震滑坡 黄土高原 遥感解译 Google Earth |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-11-22 |
A case study on AD 1718 Tongwei M7.5 earthquake triggered landslides—Application of landslide database triggered by historical strong earthquakes on the Loess Plateau |
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| XU YueRen,DU Peng,LI WenQiao,ZHANG WeiHeng,TIAN QinJian,XIONG RenWei,WANG Lin.A case study on AD 1718 Tongwei M7.5 earthquake triggered landslides—Application of landslide database triggered by historical strong earthquakes on the Loess Plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2020,63(3):1235-1248. |
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| Authors: | XU YueRen DU Peng LI WenQiao ZHANG WeiHeng TIAN QinJian XIONG RenWei WANG Lin |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction, Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, China |
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| Abstract: | The application of new technologies and methods to study the seismogenic faults and seismic damage of historical strong earthquakes is important for revision of the earthquake source parameters. Under the geological principle of "The present is the key of the past", this paper takes the landslides triggered by the Tongwei M7.5 earthquake in AD 1718 as the research object, using the methods of the historical literature analysis, remote sensing interpretation and fieldwork, obtains the Tongwei Earthquake Landslide Database (TELD). This paper finds that:(1) The total number of the database is 5019, with the whole area of 635 km2, where densely distributed around the Tongwei Fault and coincided with the X-degree isoseismal line, but both extend to westward and to northward about 20 km; (2) compared with the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake Landslide Database (WELD), the TELD lacks a large number of ones with area range of 103~104 m2, even <103 m2, while the ones of >104 m2 range both with a similar distribution; (3) this "incomplete" TELD can reflect the overall characteristics of the large and medium-sized landslides in the epicentral region, and define the exact range of the epicentral region; (4) in the epicentral region, at least 27 of settlements are directly named by "landsliding" etc., these residential settlements affected by landsliding are concentrated on both sides of the Tongwei Fault, which account for 50%. The earthquake triggered landslides is one of the decisive catastrophic factors that caused more than 70000 people death. Our paper shows that only confirming the regional dense landslides triggered by a single historical strong earthquake, and excluding other far-field strong shocking, using the multitemporal high-resolution satellite images interpretation to obtain a "relatively complete" landslide database. It provides basic data for revising source parameters of historical strong earthquakes around Loess Plateau in China. |
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| Keywords: | AD 1718 Tongwei earthquake Earthquake triggered landslides Loess Plateau Remote sensing Interpretation Google Earth |
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