| 纬度变化和地极运动 |
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| 引用本文： | 翁文波.纬度变化和地极运动[J].地球物理学报,1958,7(1):1-11. |
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| 作者姓名： | 翁文波 |
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| 作者单位： | 石油工業部 |
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| 摘 要： | 远在1687年,牛顿已说到地球自转轴的运动,欧拉在1790年指出:由于地球转动的主要动力矩的方向,并不和地球惯性椭球的短轴方向相重合,将使地球的自转轴发生沿着一个圆锥面的摆动.假定地球为一个刚体时,可以从地球惯性椭球的扁率（或称力学椭率,或动力学扁率）算出地球自转轴运动的周期.
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| 关 键 词： | 地极运动 周年运动 运动分量 地球自转轴 地球物理学 地极坐标 惯性椭球 幅度变化 形态变化 动力学扁率 |
VARIATION OF LATITUDE AND POLAR MOTION |
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| WENG WEN-PO.VARIATION OF LATITUDE AND POLAR MOTION[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1958,7(1):1-11. |
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| Authors: | WENG WEN-PO |
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| Institution: | Ministry of Petroleum Industry |
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| Abstract: | Based on a discussion of the relation between variation of latitude and polar motion, we point ou that in a short interval of time, say a tenth of year, polar motion is a dominant factor in the variation of latitude. Thus, the variation of latitude throughout the whole world would be a sine or cosine function of the longitude of the observational stations. During longer period of time, the influences of changing state and form of the earth, and also the local variation of level would be apparent. Neglecting the diurnal lunar term, the polar motion may again be resolved into three factors, namely, the non-periodic slow variation, the annual polar motion, and the non-annual but periodic Chandler's motion. We show that A. Orlov's assumption of annual polar motion being nearly invariable, is a good approximation. The Chandler's motion may be considered a combination of several sine or cosine terms of different amplitude, phase and period. One dominant term seems to build up in amplitude in 1900-1910, 1938-1950, and to decay in 1890-1900, 1910-1938, and since 1950. The building up and decaying seem to follow empirically the exponential rule. We conclude that by fully analysing the complete set of the available data, it would be possible to predict the approximate path of the polar motion. We also consider that the study of the variation of latitude will ultimately lead to the solution of many important geophysical problems. |
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