| 斜压大气中热带气旋运动特征的动力分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 雷小途,陈联寿.斜压大气中热带气旋运动特征的动力分析[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(4):467-476. |
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| 作者姓名： | 雷小途 陈联寿 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 上海台风研究所,上海200030;
2. 中国气象科学研究院,北京100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目 ( 497752 6 4) |
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| 摘 要： | 从绝热、无摩擦、无环境场作用条件下的原始方程组出发,讨论了热带气旋的动力平衡特征,并分别导出了正、斜压大气中综合描述热带气旋中心强度变化的物理量(dI/dt)及其动力平衡关系式,进而分析了正、斜压大气中的热带气旋强度变化及移动的特征.结果表明:热带气旋的定常运动具有"相当地转风平衡”的特征,其等"压能”线和等位涡线均与流线重合;"β涡旋对”及由高(低)层水平风正(负)垂直切变产生的"切变涡旋对”之间的"通风气流”均使热带气旋的强度减弱,高(低)层涡度的负(正)垂直平流则增强热带气旋的强度;热带气旋的中心有向极、向高(低)层涡度垂直平流的梯(升)度方向移动的趋势,垂直运动及高、低层水平风速垂直切变的非对称结构对热带气旋的移动有影响;"γ效应”则是"通风气流”牵引热带气旋移动的动力机制之一.
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| 关 键 词： | 热带气旋 强度变化 移动 斜压大气 |
| 文章编号： | 0001-5733(2001)04-0467-10 |
| 收稿时间： | 2000-08-27 |
DYNAMIC STUDIES ON THE ROLE OF BAROCLINIC PROCESSES IN TROPICAL CYCLONE MOVEMENT |
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| LEI XIAO,TU.DYNAMIC STUDIES ON THE ROLE OF BAROCLINIC PROCESSES IN TROPICAL CYCLONE MOVEMENT[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2001,44(4):467-476. |
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| Authors: | LEI XIAO TU |
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| Institution: | 1. Shanghai Typhoon Institute,Shanghai 200030,China;
2. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China |
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| Abstract: | Using the primitive equations for adiabatic, no friction,and noenvironment action,the counterbalances of tropical cyclone（TC） are studied. We obtained the parameter,d I /d t ,and its equilibrium equation,describing the intensity changes of TC. Then we discussed the characteristics of TC motion and intensity change in barotropic and barclinic model. The results show that, the stationary movement of TC is governed by equivalent geostrophic balance, the isolines of potential vorticity and E（E=+（u 2+v 2）/2 ） coincide with streamline. The TC intensity will weaken owing to the ventilation flow in beta (β ） gyres and shear gyres created by positive（negative） wind vertical shear in high （low ） level. The positive （negative） vertical advection of the vorticity at high （low ） level will strengthen the TC intensity. Generally,the TC center will move toward the polar region and toward the gradient direction of the vertical advection of high （low ） level vorticity. Moreover, the asymmetry of vertical velocity and vertical wind shear will affect the TC motion. The γ effect (γ = β / y） is one of the dynamic mechanism of TC steered by the ventilation flow in beta gyres and wind shear gyres. |
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| Keywords: | Tropical cyclone Intensity charge Motion Baroclinic processes |
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