| 再论地震数据偏移成像 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈生昌,周华敏.再论地震数据偏移成像[J].地球物理学报,2016,59(2):643-654. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈生昌 周华敏 |
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| 作者单位： | 浙江大学地球科学学院, 杭州 310027 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41074133,41374001)资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 利用地震波正向传播方程对属于波形线性反演问题近似求解方法的地震数据偏移成像进行重新推导,得到了适合散射地震数据的散射偏移成像方法和适合反射地震数据的反射偏移成像方法.以地震波传播的散射理论为出发点,首先根据描述一次散射波正向传播的线性方程研究建立散射地震数据的偏移成像方法理论;利用高频近似对产生散射波场的地下速度扰动函数的空间变化进行近似,推导出地下反射率函数,再由散射波传播方程推导出基于反射率函数的反射波传播方程,然后根据描述一次反射波正向传播的线性方程研究建立反射地震数据的偏移成像方法理论.本文指出和修正了Claerbout偏移成像方法中的不足,提出的地震数据偏移成像方法是对当前偏移成像方法理论的完善,使反射地震数据偏移成像具有了更坚实的数学物理理论基础,得到的偏移成像结果相位正确、位置准确、分辨率提高.
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| 关 键 词： | 散射地震数据 反射地震数据 偏移 速度扰动函数 反射波方程 反射率函数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015-07-03 |
Re-exploration to migration of seismic data |
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| CHEN Sheng-Chang,ZHOU Hua-Min.Re-exploration to migration of seismic data[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2016,59(2):643-654. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Sheng-Chang ZHOU Hua-Min |
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| Institution: | School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China |
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| Abstract: | The formula of migration of seismic data are re-derived by using the forward propagation equations of seismic waves, in which the migration of seismic data is viewed as an approximate solution to the linear waveform inverse problem, a scattering migration method being suitable for scattering seismic data and a reflection migration method being suitable for reflection seismic data are proposed. Basing on the scattering theory of seismic wave propagation, firstly we study and establish the migration theory for scattering seismic data through the linear equation describing the forward propagation of preliminary scattering wave. A subsurface reflectivity function is derived by applying the high frequency approximation to the spatial variation of velocity perturbation function generating the scattering field, and a forward propagation equation of reflection wave using the reflectivity function is derived from the propagation equation of scattering wave, then we study and establish the migration theory for reflection seismic data through the linear equation describing the forward propagation of preliminary reflection wave. Pointing out and correcting the mistake in Claerbout's migration method. The migration method of seismic data introduced in this paper is an improvement to current migration technique and theory, and establishes a solid theoretical base of mathematical physics for the migration of reflection seismic data. The migration results from the new methods have correct phase, accurate position and improvement resolution. |
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| Keywords: | Scattering seismic data Reflection seismic data Migration Velocity perturbation function Equation of reflected wave Reflectivity function |
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