| 2016年11月13日新西兰凯库拉(Kaikoura)MW7.8地震同震位移和应力数值分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 程惠红,张贝,张怀,石耀霖.2016年11月13日新西兰凯库拉(Kaikoura)MW7.8地震同震位移和应力数值分析[J].地球物理学报,2017,60(7):2641-2651. |
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| 作者姓名： | 程惠红 张贝 张怀 石耀霖 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院计算地球动力学重点实验室, 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学重大项目（41590865），国家自然青年科学基金项目（41604077）和中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目（2015M580127）联合资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 2016年11月13日新西兰南岛北端凯库拉（Kaikoura）发生了MW7.8大地震，造成了强烈的地表变形并引发大面积滑坡和海啸的发生.基于美国地质调查局（USGS）断层滑动模型，建立全球同震横向不均匀并行椭球型地球模型，计算了此次新西兰凯库拉大地震产生的同震形变和应力及库仑应力变化.初步计算结果表明：新西兰凯库拉MW7.8地震造成断层上盘东北向抬升，下盘西南俯冲；引起发震区域同震位移较大，从凯库拉到坎贝拉（Campbell）以及首都惠灵顿（Wellington）整体上东北向抬升，最大同震水平位移1.2 m，垂直位移1.1 m.此次大地震释放了发震断层上积累的压应力，但增加了发震断层两端的挤压力；同时，同震剪应力变化增加了NE-SW向断层发生右旋滑动的危险性；采用此次地震发震断层参数计算得出的最大库仑应力变化增加区域集中在发震断层两端，可达到MPa量级.当分别采用新西兰北岛Awatere断裂系和南岛Wellington断裂系参数计算库仑应力变化时，发现新西兰北岛和南岛震中以南区域的库仑应力均增加，可触发部分余震的发生.
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| 关 键 词： | 新西兰地震 同震变形 库仑应力变化 有限元模拟 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-12-14 |
Calculation of the co-seismic deformation and stress changes of the Kaikoura MW7.8 earthquake,Nov 13, 2016 |
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| CHENG Hui-Hong,ZHANG Bei,ZHANG Huai,SHI Yao-Lin.Calculation of the co-seismic deformation and stress changes of the Kaikoura MW7.8 earthquake,Nov 13, 2016[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2017,60(7):2641-2651. |
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| Authors: | CHENG Hui-Hong ZHANG Bei ZHANG Huai SHI Yao-Lin |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | On 13 November, 2016, an MW7.8 earthquake occurred around Kaikoura, northern South Island, New Zealand. The MW7.8 earthquake caused strong surface deformation, massive landslides and tsunami. Based on the fault slip model released by United States Geological Survey, the co-seismic deformation and stress changes by Kaikoura MW7.8 earthquake were computed with the global heterogeneous ellipsoid Earth model and high precision topography. The preliminary result show that the footwall of the MW7.8 earthquake uplifted to the northeast, while the hanging wall underthrusting southwest. The co-seismic deformation triggered by this earthquake up to several center meters from Kaikoura to Campbell and the capital city of Wellington. The maximum co-seismic horizontal displacement is about 1.2 m whereas the vertical is about 1.1 m. Although the accumulated strain along seismogenic faults has been released by this earthquake. The extrusion force at the both ends of the seismogenic faults also increased due to co-seismic stress changes that the maximum value of the co-seismic stress changes reaches the order of MPa. The Coulomb failure stress changes are also up to MPa that concentrates in the vicinity of epicenter. At the same time, the risk for NE-SW dextral slip faults increases due to the co-seismic shear stress. We also calculated the Coulomb Failure Stress changes in the North Island and South Island with local faults systems respectively. Our results show that Coulomb failure stress changes are positive in both two regions, which means subsequent earthquakes are possible. |
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| Keywords: | Kaikoura earthquake Co-seismic deformation Coulomb Failure Stress Finite element method |
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