| 全球海洋碳循环模式MOM4_L40对碳和营养物自然分布的模拟 |
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| 引用本文： | 李清泉,谭娟,王兰宁,魏敏,赵其庚.全球海洋碳循环模式MOM4_L40对碳和营养物自然分布的模拟[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(1):63-78. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李清泉 谭娟 王兰宁 魏敏 赵其庚 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 国家气候中心中国气象局气候研究开放实验室, 北京 100081;2. 南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心, 南京 210044;3. 中国气象局, 北京 100081;4. 北京师范大学, 北京 100875;5. 国家气象信息中心, 北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB955203)和国家高技术研究发展计划(2010AA012404)资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 本文介绍了国家气候中心发展的一个全球海洋碳循环环流模式,并分析评估了该模式的基本性能.该模式是在美国地球物理流体动力学实验室(GFDL,Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory)的全球海洋环流模式MOM4(Modular Ocean Model Version 4)基础上发展的一个垂直方向40层、包含生物地球化学过程的全球三维海洋碳循环环流模式,简称为MOM4_L40(Modular Ocean Model Version 4 With 40Levels).该模式在气候场强迫下长期积分1000年,结果分析表明,与观测相比,模式较好地模拟了海洋温度、盐度、总二氧化碳、总碱、总磷酸盐的表面和垂直分布特征.模拟的海洋总二氧化碳分布与观测基本相符,表层为低值区,其下为高值区,高值区域位于10°S—60°N之间,但2000m以上模拟值较观测偏小,2000m以下模拟值较观测偏大.总体来说,MOM4_L40模式是一个可信赖的海洋碳循环过程模拟研究工具.
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| 关 键 词： | 海洋碳循环模式 二氧化碳 溶解无机碳 磷酸盐 碱 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-06-13 |
Simulation of distribution of carbon and nutrient in the ocean based on the global oceanic carbon cycle model MOM4_L40 |
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| LI Qing-Quan,TAN Juan,WANG Lan-Ning,WEI Min,ZHAO Qi-Geng.Simulation of distribution of carbon and nutrient in the ocean based on the global oceanic carbon cycle model MOM4_L40[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(1):63-78. |
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| Authors: | LI Qing-Quan TAN Juan WANG Lan-Ning WEI Min ZHAO Qi-Geng |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China;2. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;3. China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China;4. Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;5. National Meteorological Information Center, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | Since the late twentieth century, global warming has become one of the increasingly serious ecological and environmental problems. While one of the important reasons for global warming is the greenhouse effects caused by the increases of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. The ocean absorbing carbon dioxide plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. A global oceanic carbon cycle circulation model developed by National Climate Center of China Meteorological Administration is introduced and its performances are analyzed and evaluated.#br#The oceanic carbon cycle model is developed on the basis of the global oceanic general circulation model Modular Ocean Model version 4 (MOM4) of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) of the United States. It has 40 z-levels in the vertical direction and 3-dimension oceanic biogeochemistry processes, so it is named as MOM4_L40 for short. This model is integrated for 1000 years under climate force fields to simulate the natural distribution of temperature, salinity, carbon, and nutrient in the ocean. The simulations are analyzed and compared with observations so as to evaluate the basic capability of the model. From the modeling experiments and analyses, some major outcomes are obtained as followings: (1) Simulations of the vertical profiles of the global and regional mean temperature, salinity, carbon, and nutrients agree wellwith observations. (2) The model reproduces well the observational features of sea surface temperature, salinity, carbon, and nutrients. (3) The high values of observed and simulated CO2 partial pressure differences are mainly located in the vicinity of the equatorial Pacific, the tropical Atlantic Ocean, and Bering Strait. The low valuesare mainly located in the middle latitudes of Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Ocean, especially in the North Pacific, North Atlantic, and South Atlantic. The surface CO2 partial pressure is the highest in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, where is the strongest CO2 source in the global oceans; while it is relatively low in the South Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific Ocean at middle latitudes,where are major CO2 sinks in the global oceans. (4) The major absorption areas of dissolved inorganic carbon are located in the equatorial Indian Ocean, the Southwest Indian Ocean, the eastern and centralequatorial Pacific, the equatorial Atlantic, and the North Atlantic. Significant alkalinity sinks are located in the Southeast Atlantic and Southwest Indian Ocean(0°E—60°E,40°S—60°S)and Southeast Pacific(170°E—90°W,60°S—70°S). Significant phosphate sinks are located in the South IndianOcean(50°E—100°E,40°S—60°S). (5) The simulated vertical structures of oceanic temperature, salinity, carbon, and nutrient are similar to observations although there are differences. The distribution of simulated oceanic total carbon dioxide is in agreement with that of observation, such as low values on the sea surface and high values underlying in the vicinity of 10°S—60°N. However, comparing with observations, the values of simulated carbon dioxide are smaller in the ocean above 2000 m and larger below 2000 m.The concentrations of total CO2 and phosphate are low in the equator and high in the middle and high latitudes, which is contrary to the distribution of temperature. The distributions of alkalinity and salinity are similar, that is, the high concentrationsare located in the tropical areas of the Atlantic, South Indian, and South Pacific Ocean, as well as the Arabian Sea. The simulations of total alkalinity are generally consistent with observations in the Indian Ocean. The simulations of total alkalinity in the North Pacific and North Atlantic are better than the South Pacific and South Atlantic Ocean, respectively. Simulations of total carbon dioxide and phosphate are better in the North Atlantic than in the South Atlantic Ocean.#br#The results show that MOM4_L40 model is a reliable tool for the simulation and research of oceanic carbon cycle. Because it has relatively highhorizontal and vertical resolutions as well as the sea ice model, this model can reasonably simulate the surface and vertical distribution of oceanic temperature, salinity, dissolved inorganic carbon, phosphate, and alkalinity. Due to the constraints of calculation condition, integration time, and model itself, there are some deviations between simulations and observations, which will be worked on continually in future. |
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| Keywords: | Oceanic carbon cycle model Carbon dioxide Dissolved inorganic carbon Phosphate Alkalinity |
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