| 交互集合耦合模式系统对北太平洋SST变率和ENSO的模拟检验 |
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| 引用本文： | 辛晓歌,薛巍,张明华,李慧岷,张涛,张洁.交互集合耦合模式系统对北太平洋SST变率和ENSO的模拟检验[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(4):1021-1031. |
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| 作者姓名： | 辛晓歌 薛巍 张明华 李慧岷 张涛 张洁 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国气象局国家气候中心, 北京 100081;
2. 清华大学计算机科学与技术系, 北京 100084;
3. 清华大学地球系统数值模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100084;
4. 清华大学地球系统科学研究中心, 北京 100084;
5. 纽约州立大学石溪分校, 大气与海洋学院, 纽约 11794-5000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础发展规划项目(2010CB951903);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306048);国家自然科学基金(41105054,41205043,61361120098,51190101)项目联合资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 清华大学地球系统科学研究中心在一个标准耦合模式（SC）的基础上建立了交互集合耦合模式系统（IE），该系统可以实现多个不同大气模式或者同一大气模式采取不同初值组成的多个分量集合之后与海、陆、冰模式进行耦合.本文利用同一大气模式七个不同初值分量与其它模式分量开展在线集合耦合试验，利用积分稳定之后100年的试验结果，分析了IE在减小海-气界面大气噪音的情况下，对北太平洋海表面温度（SST）变率和ENSO的模拟，并与SC模拟结果进行了对比.分析表明，IE减小了北太平洋中高纬度SST方差的85%以上，表明该区域SST变率主要受大气的影响，且主要是通过改变海表湍流热通量实现的.黑潮延伸体区和北太平洋中部副热带涡旋区域平均SST 8年左右的低频周期主要受来自大气内部动力过程的驱动.在集合耦合模拟中，无论是副热带涡旋区SST与ENSO的联系，还是ENSO与北太平洋中高纬度SST的联系都能模拟出来，而标准模式未能模拟出这些现象，意味着大气噪音过强将掩盖ENSO与太平洋热带外SST的联系.IE对与ENSO关联的“太平洋-北美”（PNA）遥相关型的合理模拟，并通过湍流热通量对海表温度的影响，是其能够更好模拟ENSO与北太平洋中高纬度SST关系的重要原因.本文通过分析验证了所建立的交互集合耦合模式系统的合理性，揭示了该系统在海-气相互作用研究领域方面具有一定应用前景.
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| 关 键 词： | 交互集合 耦合模式 ENSO PNA 海-气相互作用 |
| 收稿时间： | 2013-04-07 |
Simulation of SST variability in the North Pacific Ocean and ENSO by an interactive ensemble coupled model |
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| XIN Xiao-Ge,XUE Wei,ZHANG Ming-Hua,LI Hui-Min,ZHANG Tao,ZHANG Jie.Simulation of SST variability in the North Pacific Ocean and ENSO by an interactive ensemble coupled model[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2014,57(4):1021-1031. |
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| Authors: | XIN Xiao-Ge XUE Wei ZHANG Ming-Hua LI Hui-Min ZHANG Tao ZHANG Jie |
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| Abstract: | An interactive ensemble (IE) platform is established based on one standard coupled (SC) climate model by the Center for Earth System Science, Tsinghua University. This platform enables the couple of the ensemble of multiple atmospheric models or multiple realizations of one atmospheric model with other model components including the ocean model, land model and the sea ice model. In this study, seven realizations of the atmospheric model with different initial states are coupled with other model components. The integrations of 100 years are used to analyze the simulation of the SST variance in the North Pacific Ocean and ENSO, which are compared to the results from SC. The results show that the IE procedure reduces the variance of SST by more than 85% in the middle and high latitudes of the North Pacific, indicating that much of the SST variability is driven by the atmospheric noise. Moreover, the influence from the atmosphere is mainly through the turbulent heat flux over the ocean surface. The low-frequency period of about 8 years for the SST over Kuroshio extension and central subtropical gyre region in the North Pacific Ocean is mainly forced by the internal atmospheric dynamics. The IE model has more reasonable simulation about the relationship between ENSO and SST in the central North Pacific subtropical gyre region, and the connection between ENSO and middle-high latitude SST in the North Pacific Ocean, while the SC model could not reproduce these phenomena. This implies that strong atmospheric noise will mask out the relationship between ENSO and extratropical SST in the Pacific Ocean. The IE coupled model can reproduce the Pacific-North America (PNA) teleconnection pattern associated with ENSO and its impact on the SST through the turbulent heat flux, which is the main factor for the reproduction of the relationship between ENSO and middle-high latitude SST in the North Pacific. The above analysis validates the reasonable simulation of the proposed IE model. The IE model is proved to have potential application in the study of the air-sea interaction. |
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| Keywords: | Interactive ensemble Coupled model ENSO PNA Air-sea interaction |
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