| 2001年1月强震的前兆次声波测量及机理探讨 |
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| 引用本文： | 苏昉,唐林波.2001年1月强震的前兆次声波测量及机理探讨[J].地震研究,2002,25(2). |
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| 作者姓名： | 苏昉 唐林波 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京石油大学数理系,北京,102200 |
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| 基金项目： | 石油大学 (北京 )校科研基金资助项目,批准号 99-1-0 2 |
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| 摘 要： | 频谱分析结果表明 :(1) 2 0 0 1年 1月 (含两次 8级地震 )的测量结果与 1999年 1月～ 7月、 2 0 0 0年 4月～ 2 0 0 1年 4月观测结果具有相同的规律 ,强地震前约 10天内常能测到振幅很强、方向可测的地震前兆次声波。其三维动态频谱的典型特点是振幅由弱 (10Pa～ 2 0Pa)变强 (80Pa以上 ) ;最后的周期范围很宽 (2分～ 6 5分 ) ;波形明显不同于流星雨次声和大风次声。 (2 )强震前兆次声三维动态频谱的最大振幅不仅受震级大小影响 ,而且与震源距离及深度等其它因素都有关。 (3)强震前长周期波的产生机理 ,主要有断层预滑理论、断裂预扩展理论和流体撞击假说 ,而前兆次声波很可能是由地壳中的长周期波耦合到空气中形成。 (4 )岩石破裂实验证实主破裂前在岩石表面和空气中均收到较强的低频波。 (5 )若在北京和昆明各建足够大的三点阵测准波向 ,两直线相交 ,即可预测国内的震中位置 ,这就可能为临震预报提供一种较有效的新方法
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| 关 键 词： | 强震前兆 次声波 次声三点阵 三维动态频谱 |
Mechanism discussion and Measurements of the Precursory Infrasonic Wave of Strong Earthquake in January of 2001 |
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| Su Fang,Tang Linbo.Mechanism discussion and Measurements of the Precursory Infrasonic Wave of Strong Earthquake in January of 2001[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2002,25(2). |
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| Authors: | Su Fang Tang Linbo |
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| Abstract: | The results of 3-D dynamic frequency spectra showed that:(1)about 10days before the occurrence of the strong earthquake,the precursory infrasound of earthquake with strong amplitude and measurable direction can often be observed.The spectrum characteristics is that the amplitude of precursory infrasound vary from weak(10-20Pa)to strong(40-80Pa) or even stronger,and their periods finally become very wide(2-65min).Their waveforms are distinctly different from that of meteor shower and strong wind.(2)The maximal amplitude of the precursory infrasound measured is not only related to the magnitude of earthquake,but also to the distance,depth of epicenter and other factors.(3)The generating mechanism of the long-period waves before earthquakes includes theory of pre-slip of faults,pre-propagation of fracture and hypothesis of liquid-impact.Precursory infrasonic waves could come from coupling of long-period waves in crust to atmosphere.(4)Experiments of rock fracture verified that strong low frequency wave could be received both on the surface of rocks and in the air before the main fracture.(5)If the directions of remote two tripartite arrays intersect,the location of epicenter will be obtained.So the measurements of the precursory infrasound could become a new and more effective method of the imminent prediction of a strong earthquake. |
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| Keywords: | Precursor of strong earthquake Infrasonic wave infrasonic tripartite array 3-D dynamic frequency spectrum |
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