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Discrete Element Modeling of Tangjiagou Two-Branch Rock Avalanche Triggered by the 2013 Lushan MW6.6 Earthquake, China
作者姓名:CAO Yanbo  XU Chong  NAN Yalin
作者单位:School of Geological Engineering and Surveying, Chang''an University;Key Laboratory of Western China Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Xi''an 710054, China,Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100085, China,China Electronic Research Institute of Engineering Investigations and Design, Xi''an 710055, China
基金项目:This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41402254) and Department of Science and Technology of Shaanxi Province (2019ZDLSF07-0701).
摘    要:Two branches of Tangjiagou rock avalanche were triggered by Lushan earthquake in Sichuan Province, China on April 20th, 2013. The rock avalanche has transported about 1 500 000 m3 of sandstone from the source area. Based on discrete element modeling, this study simulates the deformation, failure and movement process of the rock avalanche. Under seismic loading, the mechanism and process of deformation, failure, and runout of the two branches are similar. In detail, the stress concentration occur firstly on the top of the mountain ridge, and accordingly, the tensile deformation appears. With the increase of seismic loading, the strain concentration zone extends in the forward and backward directions along the slipping surface, forming a locking segment. As a result, the slipping surface penetrates and the slide mass begin to slide down with high speed. Finally, the avalanche accumulates in the downstream and forms a small barrier lake. Modeling shows that a number of rocks on the surface exhibit patterns of horizontal throwing and vertical jumping under strong ground shaking. We suggest that the movement of the rock avalanche is a complicated process with multiple stages, including formation of the two branches, high-speed sliding, transformation into debris flows, further movement and collision, accumulation, and the final steady state. Topographic amplification effects are also revealed based on acceleration and velocity of special monitoring points. The horizontal and vertical runout distances of the surface materials are much greater than those of the internal materials. Besides, the sliding duration is also longer than that of the internal rock mass.

关 键 词:Tangjiagou  two-branch  rock  avalanche  Lushan  earthquake  Deformation  and  movement  process  Discrete  element  modeling
收稿时间:2020/1/29 0:00:00
修稿时间:2020/2/21 0:00:00

Discrete Element Modeling of Tangjiagou Two-Branch Rock Avalanche Triggered by the 2013 Lushan MW6.6 Earthquake, China
CAO Yanbo,XU Chong,NAN Yalin.Discrete Element Modeling of Tangjiagou Two-Branch Rock Avalanche Triggered by the 2013 Lushan MW6.6 Earthquake, China[J].Earthquake Research in China,2020,34(1):81-95.
Authors:CAO Yanbo  XU Chong and NAN Yalin
Institution:School of Geological Engineering and Surveying, Chang''an University;Key Laboratory of Western China Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering, Xi''an 710054, China,Institute of Crustal Dynamics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100085, China and China Electronic Research Institute of Engineering Investigations and Design, Xi''an 710055, China
Abstract:Two branches of Tangjiagou rock avalanche were triggered by Lushan earthquake in Sichuan Province, China on April 20th, 2013. The rock avalanche has transported about 1 500 000 m3 of sandstone from the source area. Based on discrete element modeling, this study simulates the deformation, failure and movement process of the rock avalanche. Under seismic loading, the mechanism and process of deformation, failure, and runout of the two branches are similar. In detail, the stress concentration occur firstly on the top of the mountain ridge, and accordingly, the tensile deformation appears. With the increase of seismic loading, the strain concentration zone extends in the forward and backward directions along the slipping surface, forming a locking segment. As a result, the slipping surface penetrates and the slide mass begin to slide down with high speed. Finally, the avalanche accumulates in the downstream and forms a small barrier lake. Modeling shows that a number of rocks on the surface exhibit patterns of horizontal throwing and vertical jumping under strong ground shaking. We suggest that the movement of the rock avalanche is a complicated process with multiple stages, including formation of the two branches, high-speed sliding, transformation into debris flows, further movement and collision, accumulation, and the final steady state. Topographic amplification effects are also revealed based on acceleration and velocity of special monitoring points. The horizontal and vertical runout distances of the surface materials are much greater than those of the internal materials. Besides, the sliding duration is also longer than that of the internal rock mass.
Keywords:Tangjiagou two-branch rock avalanche  Lushan earthquake  Deformation and movement process  Discrete element modeling
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