| 空间自相似性与地球物理和地球化学场的分解方法 |
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| 引用本文： | 成秋明.空间自相似性与地球物理和地球化学场的分解方法[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(2):8-17. |
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| 作者姓名： | 成秋明 |
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| 作者单位： | YORK 大学地球大气系,地理系, |
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| 基金项目： | 加拿大国家自然科学基金!“研究和开发矿产资源和环境评价GIS空间分析和多重分形方法和系统”项目(NSERC OGPO183993) |
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| 摘 要： | 场的分解是应用勘查地球物理和地球化学数据所必不可少的数理处理工作，这项工作往往是为了分解不同的场来研究和了解不同的地质以及相应的地质过程，比如划分不同岩石类型以及识别和圈定矿化蚀变睡.闰定地质过程所产生的同类型的地质体并不简单地对应于相同的场值和频率，场的分布特征往往还与地质体的几何形态，。埋藏深度以及与其周围地质体的相对差异有关。然而，由于地质过程往往具有多期次和空间相关性等特点，所产生的地质体或者相应的场往往会呈现空间自相似性或统计自相似性。这种自相似性可以帮助分解不同地质过程所产生的同类地质体，文中所介绍的多重分形（multifractal)滤波方法（S－A）根据场的能谱分布的不同空间自相似性形成不规则甚至分形滤波器，并将场分解为不同同的组份，如局部异常和背景场，应用该方法对多处地球化学和地球物理场的处理结果表明，该方法对区分与矿有关的局部异常与背景场是很有效的，对加拿大NOVA SCOTIA省西南部航空放射性铀钍钾（U-Tn-K)数据处理所分解的异常对反映岩体中与铀－钨－锡（U－W－Sn)矿化有关的围岩饰变具有明显的效果。
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| 关 键 词： | 地球物理 地球化学场 频率域滤波 矿化蚀变 铀－钨－锡矿化 多重分形 空间自相似性 |
| 文章编号： | 1004-2903(2001)02-0008-10 |
SPATIAL SELF-SIMILARITY AND GEOPHYSICL AND GEOCHEMICAL ANOMALY DECOMPOSITION |
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| CHENG Qiu-ming.SPATIAL SELF-SIMILARITY AND GEOPHYSICL AND GEOCHEMICAL ANOMALY DECOMPOSITION[J].Progress in Geophysics,2001,16(2):8-17. |
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| Authors: | CHENG Qiu-ming |
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| Abstract: | Anomaly separation must be necessary for processing geophysical and geochemical data for mineral exploration. The objective of this task is to decompose geophysical and geochemical fields into distinct components to reflect different geological entities and to study their related geological processes such as mineralization and alteration. The geological bodies created from the same geological process may not be always corresponding to the same field values and frequency characteristics. The variations of the field patterns are also related to the geometries of the geological bodies, their existing depth below the earth surface and the relative differences between them and their neighbourhoods. However, due to the multiple phases and spatial associations of most of the geological processes especially mineralization, the geological entities caused and their related fields are often of self similarity or self affinity. These self similarity or self affinity can be employed to assist geological anomaly recognition. A multifractal approach (S A method) introduced in the current paper defines irregular filters in frequency domain based on the distinctive self similarity of power spectra. It has been demonstrated with a number of case studies including analysis of gamma ray spectrometer data U Th K in the southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada that the S A method is an effective technique for identifying mineralization related geophysical and geochemical anomalies. |
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| Keywords: | Power spectrum Alteration U W Sn mineralization Multifractal Spatial self similarity |
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