Spatial and temporal variations in nutrient and chlorophyll-a concentrations in the northern East China Sea surrounding Cheju Island |
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| Authors: | Dongseon Kim Sang Hwa Choi Kyung Hee Kim JeongHee Shim Sinjae Yoo Chul Ho Kim |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, 310012 Hangzhou, China;3. Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 266071 Qingdao, China;4. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266071 Qingdao, China;5. College of Marine Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 300222 Tianjin, China;6. Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266100 Qingdao, China |
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| Abstract: | Nutrients, chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), and environmental conditions were extensively investigated in the northern East China Sea (ECS) near Cheju Island during five research cruises from 2003 to 2007. In the eastern part of the study area, surface waters were characterized only by the Tsushima Current Water (TCW) during all five cruises. However, the western surface waters changed with season and were characterized by the Yellow Sea Cold Water (YSCW) in spring, the Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) in summer, and the Yellow Sea Mixed Water (YSMW) in autumn. In spring and autumn, relatively high concentrations of nitrate and phosphate were observed in the surface waters in the western part of the study area, where vertical mixing brought large supplies of nutrients from deep waters. Changes in wind direction occasionally varied the inflow of the Changjiang plume in summer, clearly causing the annual variation in surface nitrate and phosphate concentrations in summer. In summer, the surface distribution of nitrate and phosphate did not coincide with that of silicate in the study area, which probably resulted from the significant drop in the Si:N ratio in the Changjiang plume since construction of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD). Despite large temporal and spatial variations in surface Chl-a concentrations, depth-integrated Chl-a concentrations exhibited little variation temporally and spatially. In the study area, surface Chl-a concentration did not well reflect the standing stocks of phytoplankton. The vertical distribution of Chl-a showed large temporal and spatial variations, and the main factor controlling the vertical distribution of Chl-a in summer was the availability of nitrate. The thermohaline front may play an important role for accumulation of phytoplankton biomass in spring and autumn. |
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