| 背景噪声提取体波方法研究进展 |
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| 作者姓名： | 李奇 张智 侯爵 俞贵平 王敏玲 徐涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.桂林理工大学地球科学学院，广西桂林5410042.广西隐伏金属矿产勘查重点实验室，广西桂林5410043.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所，岩石圈演化国家重点实验室，北京1000294.中国科学院大学，北京1000495.中国地震局地球物理研究所，北京1000816.中国科学院地球科学研究院，北京100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（41974048，41574078, 41774100, 41804060），广西自然科学基础项目（2018GXNSFAA138059）和广西有色金属及贵金属协同创新中心项目联合资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 地球深部结构探测是地球物理学的核心领域，而地震体波可以深入地球内部且分辨率较高，是研究地球内部结构不可或缺的技术手段。基于背景噪声提取高信噪比体波信号技术的迅速发展，极大地促进了地震学的发展和应用范围，使其在地球深部结构成像、城市浅层空间探测等领域日益发挥出重要作用。本文详细综述了如何利用地震干涉法及台阵处理技术提取出用于研究不同探测尺度（局部、区域、全球）的各类体波信号。其中，地震干涉法通过对地震台站记录到的波形信号进行互相关，抵消掉重合的射线路径，最后得到台站对之间的地震记录；而台阵处理方法是基于接收器台阵发展起来的数据处理手段，该技术不仅能够进一步提高信噪比（SNR），而且能够获得方位信息。一般来讲，背景噪声中包含的体波信号能量远低于面波信号能量，提取难度大。本文着重介绍了Bin-叠加法、双波束方法（DBF）以及相位加权叠加法（PWS），并对3种方法的适用条件进行了总结。
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| 关 键 词： | 背景噪声 体波 地震干涉法 地震台阵 地球深部成像 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-25 |
Research progress of the extraction body waves from ambient noise |
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| Abstract: | The exploration of the deep structure of the earth is the core part of geophysical research. Seismic body waves can penetrate deep into the earth with a high resolution and it is an indispensable technical means for studying the internal structure of the earth. The rapid development of technology for extracting high signal-to-noise ratio body wave signals based on ambient noise has greatly promoted the development and application of seismology, making it increasingly play an important role in the imaging of deep earth structures and shallow urban space exploration. This article reviews in detail how to use seismic interferometry and array processing technology to extract various types of body wave signals for research on different detection scales (local, regional, global). Among them, the seismic interferometry cross-correlates the waveform signals recorded by the seismic stations to cancel out the coincident ray paths, and finally the seismic records between the station pairs are obtained; and the array processing method is based on the data developed by the receiver array processing means. This technology can not only further improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), but also obtain position information. Generally speaking, since the energy of the body wave signal contained in the ambient noise is much weaker than that of the surface wave signal, it is difficult to extract. This article focuses on the Bin stack method, the double beamforming method (DBF) and the phase-weighted stacks method (PWS), and concludes the applicable conditions of the three methods. |
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