| 2020年全球地震灾害概要 |
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| 作者姓名： | 钱庚 冯蔚 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地震局地震研究所（地震大地测量重点实验室），武汉4300712.湖北省地震局，武汉4300713.中国地震局地震预测研究所，北京100036 |
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| 基金项目： | 地震预测研究所基本科研业务费专项（2020IEF1202）、湖北省地震局基础科研基金项目(IS20196314-8)联合资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用多方收集到的地震灾害资料，对2020年全球地震活动及地震灾害进行了整理，绘制了近20年全球灾害地震频度与伤亡情况变化曲线及2020年灾害地震分布图，描述了造成人员伤亡的地震信息及灾害情况，对重大地震灾害事件做了详细分析，并总结了2020年地震灾害的主要特征。与往年全球地震相比，2020年全球地震活动性较弱，6级以上强震发生频次大幅减少；2020年地震灾害造成的伤亡为本世纪最低，且灾害地震呈现频度低、伤亡小、重大灾害线性分布等特征。针对地震频度低、伤亡集中情况，本文提出了相应的地震灾害预防措施及建议，强调了未来的监测预报与震害防御工作至关重要。
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| 关 键 词： | 2020年 全球地震 灾害情况 预防措施 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-15 |
Overview of worldwide earthquake disasters in 2020 |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Geodesy, Institute of Seismology, CEA, Wuhan 430071, China2.Hubei Earthquake Agency, Wuhan 430071, China3.Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100036, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the earthquake disaster data collected worldwide, this paper sorts out the global seismic activity and disasters in 2020. Plotting the global earthquake disaster curves in recent 20 years and distribution map of hazard earthquakes in 2020, and summarizing the main characteristics of seismic disasters which contain earthquake disaster information and detailed analysis in 2020. Compared with the previous global earthquakes, it is found that the seismicity in 2020 is weak, and the frequency of strong earthquakes with magnitude 6 or above will decrease greatly. In 2020, the earthquake casualties are the lowest in this century, and characterized by low frequency, minor casualties and linear distribution of major disasters. According to the situation of low earthquake frequency and concentrated casualties, this paper puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions for earthquake disaster prevention, which emphasizes that the earthquake monitoring, prediction and prevention work are crucial to the future. |
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