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Seismic fragility reduction of an unreinforced masonry school building through retrofit using ferrocement overlay |
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| Authors: | Kadam Sachin B Singh Yogendra Bing Li |
| Institution: | 1.Department of Applied Mechanics, Walchand College of Engineering, Sangli, Maharastra, 416415, India ;2.Department of Earthquake Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India ;3.Natural Hazard Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore ; |
| Abstract: | The Himalayan region is one of the major seismic areas in the world. However, similar to many other seismically active locations, there are substantial numbers of unreinforced masonry(URM) buildings; the majority of which have not been designed for seismic loads. Past seismic events have shown that such buildings are highly vulnerable to earthquakes. Retrofitting of these URM buildings is an important concern in earthquake mitigation programs. Most government school buildings in rural areas of northern India are constructed of unreinforced masonry. These school buildings are socially important structures and serve as a crucial resource for rehabilitation during any disaster. The effectiveness of ferrocement(FC) to create a URM-FC composite is described in this study by estimating the performance and fragility of a URM school building before and after a retrofit. Analytical models, based on the equivalent frame method, are developed and used for nonlinear static analysis to estimate the enhancement in capacity. The capacity enhancement due to retrofitting is presented in terms of the maximum PGA sustained and damage probabilities at the expected level of earthquake hazard. |
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