Sediment and vegetation spatial dynamics facing sea-level rise in microtidal salt marshes: Insights from an ecogeomorphic model |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Trento, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, via Mesiano 77, Trento 38123, Italy;2. Queen Mary, University of London, School of Geography, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom;3. University of Padova, Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, via Marzolo 9, Padova 35131, Italy;1. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;2. Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ-Yerseke), 4400 AC Yerseke, The Netherlands;3. Ecosystem Management Research Group, Universiteit Antwerpen, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium;4. Institute for Marine Resources and Ecosystem Studies, Yerseke, The Netherlands;1. Department of Applied Physics, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain;2. School of Environment, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;3. Earth and Ocean Sciences Division and Civil and Environmental Engineering Department – Duke University, USA;4. Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering – University of Padua, Padova, Italy;1. Ecosystem Management Research Group (ECOBE), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium;2. StatUA Center for Statistics, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium;3. NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), 4400 AC Yerseke, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Modeling efforts have considerably improved our understanding on the chief processes that govern the evolution of salt marshes under climate change. Yet the spatial dynamic response of salt marshes to sea-level rise that results from the interactions between the tidal landforms of interest and the presence of bio-geomorphic features has not been addressed explicitly. Accordingly, we use a modeling framework that integrates the co-evolution of the marsh platform and the embedded tidal networks to study sea-level rise effects on spatial sediment and vegetation dynamics in microtidal salt marshes considering different ecological scenarios. The analysis unveils mechanisms that drive spatial variations in sedimentation rates in ways that increase marsh resilience to rising sea-levels. In particular, marsh survival is related to the effectiveness of transport of sediments toward the interior marshland. This study hints at additional dynamics related to the modulation of channel cross-sections affecting sediment advection in the channels and subsequent delivery in the inner marsh, which should be definitely considered in the study of marsh adaptability to sea-level rise and posterior management. |
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