|
|||||
|
|
Size of anal papillae in chironomids: Does it indicate their salinity stress? |
|
| Authors: | Ben J Kefford Kasturi Reddy-LopataColin Clay Tarah HagenOrsolya Parkanyi Dayanthi Nugegoda |
| Institution: | a Centre for Environmental Sustainability, Department of Environmental Science, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, 2007, New South Wales, Australia b Biotechnology and Environmental Biology, School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, P.O. Box 71, Bundoora, 3083, Victoria, Australia c Food and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sydney, Camperdown Campus, 2006, New South Wales, Australia |
| Abstract: | Salinity of inland waters is affected by a range of human activities and is regarded as a major environmental contaminant in many parts of the world. Changes in salinity are well known to be associated with changes in macroinvertebrate communities of flowing waters. However, as many environmental factors co-vary with salinity, it is not known whether, and if so how, salinity causes communities to change. Being able to measure the osmoregulatory stress that individual stream macroinvertebrates are experiencing would be useful to understand if and how salinity affects their populations and thus communities. Additionally, inferring salinity stress in individual invertebrates could provide a valuable biomonitoring tool to detect the initial effects of salinity before major ecological changes have occurred. Osmoregulation in larval Chironomidae (Diptera) takes place in the anal papillae and their size is believed to be associated with osmoregulatory stress. In two laboratory experiments and a field survey in southern Victoria, Australia, we determine if the size of the anal papillae of larva chironomids is a useful biomarker of salinity stress. Experiments with Chironomus oppositus showed that the surface area of the anal papillae was similar in larva hatched across 5 egg masses collected from 3 sites but were affected by salinity treatments. Furthermore, the (transformed) ratio of this surface area to the body length of the larva was independent of the size of C. oppositus. However, for Chironomus cloacalis, this surface area differed between larva hatched from egg masses collected from the same site. The expected trend in surface area of the anal papillae relative to the size of larva (Chironomu alternans, C. cloacalis, Dicrotendipes sp., Criptochironomus sp. and Tanypodinae) was not duplicated in the field survey. It would appear that unknown factors, other than salinity, are affecting the size of the anal papillae of chironomids in southern Victoria. |
| Keywords: | Salinization Anal papillae Chloride cells Mitochondria-rich cells Chloride epithelia Biomarkers Chironomidae Diptera Stream invertebrates |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ | |