| 中国暴雨洪涝灾害的暴露度与脆弱性时空变化特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 王艳君,高超,王安乾,王豫燕,张飞跃,翟建青,李修仓,苏布达.中国暴雨洪涝灾害的暴露度与脆弱性时空变化特征[J].气候变化研究进展,2014,10(6):391-398. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王艳君 高超 王安乾 王豫燕 张飞跃 翟建青 李修仓 苏布达 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/地理与遥感学院，南京 210044；
2 安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院，芜湖 241000；
3 中国气象局国家气候中心，北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重大科学研究计划项目(973项目) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用1984-2012年中国暴雨洪涝灾害灾情和社会经济数据，从灾害暴露范围、人口暴露度、经济暴露度和农作物暴露度4个方面分析了灾害暴露度的特征，从人口脆弱性和经济脆弱性两方面分析了灾害脆弱性特征。研究表明：1984-2012年，中国暴雨洪涝灾害年平均暴露范围、人口暴露度、经济暴露度和农作物暴露度分别为9.37万km2、126人/km2、149万元/km2和1.53亿hm2，暴露度总体呈显著增加趋势，高暴露区域主要分布在沿海省（市）；人口脆弱性显著增大，但经济脆弱性有逐渐减小的趋势，灾害脆弱性高值区主要分布在长江中游沿岸的湖南、安徽、重庆、江西、湖北等省（市），上海、北京、天津为灾害脆弱性最低的区域。
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| 关 键 词： | 暴露度 脆弱性 暴雨洪涝灾害 时空变化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014-04-21 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014-05-15 |
Temporal and Spatial Variation of Exposure and Vulnerability of Flood Disaster in China |
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| Wang Yanjun,Gao Chao,Wang Anqian,Wang Yuyan,Zhang Feiyue,Zhai Jianqing,Li Xiucang,Su Buda.Temporal and Spatial Variation of Exposure and Vulnerability of Flood Disaster in China[J].Advances in Climate Change,2014,10(6):391-398. |
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| Authors: | Wang Yanjun Gao Chao Wang Anqian Wang Yuyan Zhang Feiyue Zhai Jianqing Li Xiucang Su Buda |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Geography and Remote Sensing/ Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; 2.College of Territorial Resources and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; 3.National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | Using flood disaster historical data and social economic data in China for the period 1984-2012, the characteristics of disaster exposure were analyzed from the scope of disaster exposure, population exposure, economy exposure and crop exposure, and those of disaster vulnerability were analyzed from two aspects of population vulnerability and economy vulnerability. The results show that from 1984 to 2012, the average scope of disaster exposure, population exposure, economy exposure and crop exposure was respectively 93700 km2, 126 person/km2, RMB 1.49 million/km2 and 153 million hm2. The level of exposure significantly increased overall, the areas with the highest exposure were mainly distributed in the coastal provinces (municipalities). Significant increase trend was found for population vulnerability, but economy vulnerability had a gradually-decreasing trend. The highest level of disaster vulnerability were mainly distributed in Hunan, Anhui, Chongqing, Jiangxi and Hubei provinces (municipalities) along the coast in the middle reach of Yangtze River, and Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin are areas with the lowest level of disaster vulnerability. High vulnerable areas of flood disaster are also the most prone areas of flood disaster in China, which no doubt become high risk areas of flood disaster. Therefore, as far as the design and implementation of strategies and policies for adaptation and disaster risk management are concerned, more attention should be paid to these regions to reduce the vulnerability and exposure, and to improve the resilience towards the adverse effects of flood disaster, so as to promote the sustainable development of society and economy. |
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| Keywords: | exposure vulnerability flood disaster temporal and spatial variation |
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