| 松山区玉米主要气象灾害评估与对策 |
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| 引用本文： | 程玉琴,曹艳芳,张少文,徐振宇.松山区玉米主要气象灾害评估与对策[J].内蒙古气象,2012(6):15-18. |
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| 作者姓名： | 程玉琴 曹艳芳 张少文 徐振宇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 赤峰市气象局,内蒙古赤峰,024000
2. 内蒙古信息中心,内蒙古呼和浩特,010051 |
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| 基金项目： | “气候与气候变化研究”项目资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 应用赤峰市松山区境内的赤峰和岗子两个气象观测站1961—2009年的气候资料和松山区玉米单产资料,分析玉米生长季的水热条件对玉米气象产量的影响,定量评估灾害损失。结果表明,采用5a滑动平均法和线性拟合相结合的方法计算的玉米气象产量更具有客观性,贴近实际情况。有利的气候条件使得玉米平均增产890.3Kg/hm2;不利的气候条件使得玉米减产634.5Kg/hm2。玉米气象产量与生长季降水量关系密切,干旱是玉米大幅度减产的主要气候灾害,占总减产量的76.6%;其次是阶段性低温冷害。气候变暖趋势总体上是有利于玉米生产的,但玉米气象产量的变幅呈增大趋势。
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| 关 键 词： | 玉米 气象产量 灾害评估 减灾措施 |
Assessment and Countermeasure of the main meteoro Ioclical disasters on Corn over Son.cI-Shan area |
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| Authors: | Cheng Yuqin Cao Yanfang Zhang shaowen Xu zhenyu |
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| Institution: | 1 .Chifeng Meteorologieal Bureau,Chifeng 024000;2.Inner Monggolia Meteorologieal information eentre,Hollot 010051,China) |
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| Abstract: | Based on the meteorological observation station data of Chifeng and Gangzi and the Corn yield（yield in a unit） of Songshan area from 1961 to 2011, the influence of water and heat condition of growing season on the corn weather production was analyzed, and the disaster losses was quantitatively assessed. The results showed that using combination of methods of 5-year moving average and linear fit to calculate the corn weather yield was more objectivity and closer to the actual situation. Favorable climate conditions made the corn average yieht in- creasing to 890.3kg per hectare, adverse climatic conditions made the corn average yield reduce to 634.5 kg per hectare. The relationship between the climatic condition of the Corn growing season and corn meteorological yieht was closed. Drought was a major natural disaster of the corn reduction output, and was 76.6% of the total reduction yield. Secondly, staged chilling damage was the main cause. Climate warming trend was in favor of in corn yield on the whole, but Corn weather yield amplitude tended to increase. |
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| Keywords: | corn meteorological yield disaster assessment mitigation measures |
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