| 开鲁县1954—2011年降水日数及降水量变化分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张钰,姜秀萍,高荣,贺俊艳.开鲁县1954—2011年降水日数及降水量变化分析[J].内蒙古气象,2014(1):15-18. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张钰 姜秀萍 高荣 贺俊艳 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]开鲁县气象局,内蒙古开鲁028400 [2]通辽市气象局,内蒙古通辽028000 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用开鲁气象站1954—2011年逐日降水量数据,分析了近58a降水量和降水日数的年、季变化趋势和气候倾向率以及4—10月不同等级降水日数和降水量的比例。结果表明:(1)开鲁58a平均年降水量为332.5mm,年平均降水日数64d,占全年总日数的17.5%,日降水量强度仅5.2mm;(2)年降水量与降水日数呈显著的正相关关系,降水日数多,降水量则多;(3)近58a年降水日数和降水量均呈显著的减少变化趋势,降水日数减少1.8d/10a,降水量减少13.2mm/10a;特别是1999—2011年日降水强度明显减小,年平均降水量仅277.5mm,比前45a平均减少了2成,春夏季干旱突出;(4)降水量和降水日数季节分配不均,夏季降水量占全年的70.3%,雨季集中,旱季明显;(5)作物生长季(4—10月)降水量级少,有效降水日数少,因此,发生干旱的概率高,特别是季节连旱,不利于作物的生长发育,严重制约着农牧业生产的发展。
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| 关 键 词： | 开鲁 降水量 日数 变化趋势 降水强度 |
Analysis on Variation Characteristics of Precipitation Days and Precipitation Amount in Kailu County from 1954 to 2011 Years |
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| Authors: | Zhang Yu Jiang Xiuping Gao Rong He Junyan |
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| Institution: | 1 .Kailu Comity Meteorologieal Bureau, Inner Mongolia Kailu 028400 ; 2.Tongliao Meteorological Bureau, Inner Mongolia Tongliao 028000) |
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| Abstract: | The annual and seasonal variation trend of precipitation amount and rainfall days, and the climatic ten- dency rate and proportion of precipitation amount and rainfall days at different grades from April to October were analyzed on the basis of the precipitation data from 1959 to 2011 in Kailu. The results showed that： （1） Annual mean precipitation was 332.5mm in recent 58 years. The annual average rainfall days were 64 days, with the per- centage was 17.5%, and the daily precipitation was only 5.2mm. （2） Precipitation had positive conrrelation with rainfall days. More rainfall days got more precipitation. （3） Precipitation amount and rainfall days in recent 58 years was significantly reduced. Rainfall days reduced 1.8 days per ten years. Precipitation reduced 13.2mm per ten years. Especially precipitation intensity was obviously reduced from 1999 to 2011.The Average precipitation was only 277.5mm, which was less 20 % than the first 45 years. （4） Precipitation amount and rainfall days were uneven in different seasons. Precipitation in summer was 70.3 % of the whole year. Dry season was obviously. （5） Less precipitation amount and less effective precipitation days in the growth period of crops （from April to Octo- ber） caused to the drought with high probability. Especially the seasonal drought made against growth of crop, which seriously restricted the development of agricultural production. |
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| Keywords: | Kailu precipitation amount rainfall days variation trend precipitation intensity |
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