| 火山活动对气候的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 李靖,张德二.火山活动对气候的影响[J].气象科技,2005,33(3):193-198. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李靖 张德二 |
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| 作者单位： | 国家气候中心,北京,100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金课题 (4 0 2 75 0 2 7)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 重大的火山喷发对气候的影响表现为地面温度降低，由于火山喷发存在季节、纬度和强度的差异，因此喷发物的空间分布特征不同，对辐射的影响也不同，降温出现的时间和降温的幅度不一致。中高纬喷发的火山主要影响发生喷发的半球，而中低纬的喷发可影响到全球，且影响时间较长；不同季节的火山喷发后，高纬度的温度响应较低纬明显，夏季的温度响应较冬季明显。有关火山活动对降水的影响目前已有了一些研究，但由于降水序列中火山信号较弱，同时还有ENSO等其他因子的影响，客观地分辨出火山的影响较复杂，目前尚无一致结论。
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| 关 键 词： | 火山活动 气候 火山喷发 空间分布特征 温度响应 温度降低 降水序列 ENSO 喷发物 中高纬 中低纬 高纬度 季节 降温 时间 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年6月8日 |
Impact of Volcanic Eruptions on Climate |
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| Li Jing,Zhang Deer.Impact of Volcanic Eruptions on Climate[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2005,33(3):193-198. |
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| Authors: | Li Jing Zhang Deer |
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| Abstract: | The advancement in the researches on the influence of volcanic eruptions on climate and the main conclusions and progress obtained from statistical analysis and numerical simulation is summarized. Present studies show that major eruptions can produce a decrease in surface air temperature. Due to the seasonal difference of volcanic activities, latitude and intensities, the spatial distribution and the effect on radiation vary. Consequently, the time and augmentation of temperature decrease are not consistent. The volcanic eruptions at the high latitudes mainly influence the same hemisphere, and those at low and middle latitudes influence the both hemispheres. The impact of volcanic eruptions is more obvious at the low latitudes than at the high latitudes, and more obvious in summer than in winter. The influence of volcanic eruptions on precipitation is relatively complex, and there is no consistent conclusion due to the weak volcanic signals in the precipitation series and the influence of other factors such as ENSO. |
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| Keywords: | volcanic eruption volcanic veil climatic impact stratospheric aerosol |
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