| 改进的人工增雨水滴冻结实验装置 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨绍忠,酆大雄.改进的人工增雨水滴冻结实验装置[J].气象科技,2005,33(5):451-455. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨绍忠 酆大雄 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国气象科学研究院,北京,100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（49375229）“不同类型气溶胶对冰云形成影响的研究”资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 介绍一个改进的水滴冻结实验装置,它由冷腔、冷腔温度控制、水滴冻结信号检测及记录、循环散热和冷环境箱等几部分构成.实验时,将被测水样分散为数十个均匀水滴,分布在涂有硅油的冷板上,温度控制系统使水滴温度线性降低.由于每个水滴中所含冰核引发水滴冻结的温度不同,群滴将会陆续发生冻结.利用水滴冻结释放的潜热和帕尔帖效应,在笔式记录仪上自动地连续给出水滴冻结事件的脉冲信号.对某种水样进行多次的冻结实验得到其水滴冻结温度谱,按Vali给出的方法可以推算该水样中冻结核含量.用该装置曾对北京地区各类降水做过冻滴实验,结果表明不同降水的冻结核浓度的温度谱有明显差异.如能对播云催化作业前后的雨水进行采样并在此装置中进行冻结核浓度的检测,有望为人工影响天气效果的检验提供一个新的物理判据.
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| 关 键 词： | 水滴冻结 实验装置 冻结核含量 人工增雨 实验装置 水滴 冻结 人工增雨 温度控制系统 信号检测 帕尔帖效应 脉冲信号 北京地区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2004-09-01 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004-10-29 |
An Improved Device for Drop Freezing Experiment Concerning Rain Enhancement |
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| Yang Shaozhong,Feng Daxiong.An Improved Device for Drop Freezing Experiment Concerning Rain Enhancement[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2005,33(5):451-455. |
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| Authors: | Yang Shaozhong Feng Daxiong |
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| Institution: | Chinese Academy Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081 |
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| Abstract: | A device for drop-freezing experiment was improved,which consists of the cold-cavity,thermometer,controller of temperature,recorder of signals,cold sink,and environment box.Before the drop-freezing experiment,the water sample to be tested was evenly scattered as several dozens of drops in the cavity over the cold board.The temperature of drops can decrease linearly under auto-control and the drops freeze in succession with decreasing temperature.An array of thermocouple is used to detect the latent heat released by freezing drops and a "pulse" signal of the freezing event can be revealed in real time on a pen-andink recorder.After several times of drop-freezing experiments for certain water samples,the freezing temperature spectrum can be obtained.According to the method given by Vali,the concentration of the freezing nuclei for this water sample can be calculated.Using this device,drop-freezing experiments were carried out for several kinds of precipitation water samples in Beijing.The results show that there is obvious deference in temperature spectra of freezing nuclei for different precipitation samples.It will be hopefully used as a new criterion for effectiveness evaluation of weather modification operation. |
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| Keywords: | drop-freezing experiment device concentration of freezing nuclei rain enhancement |
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