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乌鲁木齐机场东南大风数值预报及地形敏感性试验
引用本文:黄海波,陈阳权,王清平.乌鲁木齐机场东南大风数值预报及地形敏感性试验[J].气象科技,2014,42(6):1064-1068.
作者姓名:黄海波  陈阳权  王清平
作者单位:民航新疆空中交通管理局气象中心,乌鲁木齐 830016;民航新疆空中交通管理局气象中心,乌鲁木齐 830016;民航新疆空中交通管理局气象中心,乌鲁木齐 830016
摘    要:利用WRF模式和GFS资料对乌鲁木齐机场一次东南大风天气进行了预报和地形敏感性试验。模式预报的结果表明:WRF模式对东南大风的起风时间、持续时间、风速大小等方面有较强的预报能力。地形敏感性试验表明:1乌鲁木齐市区与机场300m左右的高度差对机场风速的影响很大;2机场上空下沉运动的强弱与东南大风的强弱有很好的对应关系;3机场东南大风的风速变化并不总是与峡谷两端气压梯度力的变化同步。此次东南大风天气的产生是低空动量下传、狭管效应和下坡风共同作用的结果。动量下传主要出现在海拔2000m以下的高度,下坡风主要出现在海拔935m以下的高度。

关 键 词:东南大风  地形敏感性试验  动量下传  狭管效应  下坡风
收稿时间:2013/11/15 0:00:00
修稿时间:2014/5/30 0:00:00

Numerical Weather Prediction and Terrain Sensitivity Experiments on Southeasterly High Winds at Urumqi Airport
Huang Haibo,Chen Yangquan and Wang Qingping.Numerical Weather Prediction and Terrain Sensitivity Experiments on Southeasterly High Winds at Urumqi Airport[J].Meteorological Science and Technology,2014,42(6):1064-1068.
Authors:Huang Haibo  Chen Yangquan and Wang Qingping
Institution:Meteorological Center of Xinjiang Air Traffic Management Bureau, Urumqi 830016;Meteorological Center of Xinjiang Air Traffic Management Bureau, Urumqi 830016;Meteorological Center of Xinjiang Air Traffic Management Bureau, Urumqi 830016
Abstract:Southeasterly high winds are forecasted by using WRF model and GFS data. Meanwhile, terrain sensitivity experiments are carried out. The results show that the WRF model has relatively strong capability of forecasting the starting time and duration of winds, wind speeds, etc. Terrain-sensitivity experiments show that: (1) the altitude difference (about 300 m) between the Urumqi urban area and the airport has significant influence on wind speeds; (2) the strength of downward movement above the airport is in good correspondence with wind speeds; (3) the variation of wind speeds does not always keep step with the pressure gradient force at the ends of the valley. The high winds are the combined result of the lowlevel downward transporting of momentum, tunnel effect, and downslope winds. The downward-transporting of momentum mainly occurs below 2000 m (AMSL), while downslope winds occur below 935 m.
Keywords:southeasterly high wind  terrain sensitivity experiment  downward momentum transportation  tunnel effect  downslope wind
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