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43a来我国城市气候和太阳辐射的变化特征
引用本文:杜春丽,沈新勇,陈渭民,施帅红.43a来我国城市气候和太阳辐射的变化特征[J].南京气象学院学报,2008,31(2):200-207.
作者姓名:杜春丽  沈新勇  陈渭民  施帅红
作者单位:1. 南京信息工程大学,大气科学学院,江苏,南京,210044
2. 南京信息工程大学,江苏省气象灾害重点实验室,江苏,南京,210044;中国气象科学研究院,灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京,100081
3. 南京信息工程大学,江苏省气象灾害重点实验室,江苏,南京,210044
4. 安徽省气象局,安徽,合肥,230031
基金项目:国家自然科学基金 , 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划) , 中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室基金 , 江苏省气象灾害重点实验室基金 , 江苏省自然科学基金
摘    要:利用1961-2003年气候观测资料和辐射资料,综合分析了我国10个城市43a的云量、日照百分率、相对湿度、气温、降水以及到达地面的太阳辐射等要素的变化趋势。结果表明:(1)43a来10个城市中,多数城市的总云量减少而低云量增加;(2)各城市的日照百分率呈减少趋势;除乌鲁木齐外,其他城市相对湿度呈减小趋势;各地气温都有所升高;降水量变化的地区性差别较大而总体上变化幅度不明显;(3)除昆明外,各地太阳总辐射呈下降趋势,且总辐射减少主要是由直接辐射减少引起的。由此揭示,43a来我国城市正经历着以变暖变干为主的气候变化过程,人类活动特别是工业化和城市化进程,对气候系统产生了重要影响。

关 键 词:气候变化  气候要素  太阳辐射
文章编号:1000-2022(2008)02-0200-08
修稿时间:2007年9月20日

Urban Climate and Solar Radiation Changes in China in Recent 43 years
DU Chun-li,SHEN Xin-yong,CHEN Wei-min,SHI Shuai-hong.Urban Climate and Solar Radiation Changes in China in Recent 43 years[J].Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,2008,31(2):200-207.
Authors:DU Chun-li  SHEN Xin-yong  CHEN Wei-min  SHI Shuai-hong
Institution:DU Chun-li , SHEN Xin-yong, CHEN Wei-min, SHI Shuai-hong ( 1. School of Atmospheric Sciences,NUIST,Nanjing 210044,China; 2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,NUIST,Nanjing 210044,China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,CAMS,Beijing 100081 ,China; 4. Anhui Meteorological Bureau,Hefei 230031 ,China)
Abstract:Based on climatic observational data and radiation information from 1961 to 2003 ,the interannual trends of cloud cover, sunshine percentage, relative humidity, temperature, precipitation and solar radiation at the earth surface are all investigated. The results show: 1 ) the total cloud cover has decreased and the low cloud increased in most of the ten cities in recent 43 years ;2) the sunshine percentage has reduced greatly, the relative humidity decreased except Urumqi, the temperature increased significantly, and the amount of rainfall changed slightly and regionally ;3 ) the total solar radiation at the earth surface has decreased remarkably except Kunming, which was mainly caused by the reducing of direct solar radiation. These results suggest that cities in our country have experienced warming and drying processes, and human activities, especially industrialization and urbanization, have important influence on the climatic system.
Keywords:climate change  climatic element  solar radiation
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