| 1961—2012年重庆市的降水特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张倩倩,李艳,王志福,董新宁.1961—2012年重庆市的降水特征分析[J].南京气象学院学报,2016,8(3):215-225. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张倩倩 李艳 王志福 董新宁 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京信息工程大学 气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 南京, 210044;南京信息工程大学 气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 南京, 210044;南京信息工程大学 气象灾害教育部重点实验室, 南京, 210044;重庆市气候中心, 重庆, 401147 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(40805039);重庆市气象局开放式研究基金;南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室开放课题 (KLME1303) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用重庆市1961—2012年34个气象观测站的逐日降水资料,采用EOF分析、线性回归及相关分析的方法对重庆市的降水量时空特征、降水频数特征及降水强度特征进行诊断分析研究,并进行了相关讨论.结果表明:重庆市的年总降水量呈逐年减少的变化特征,并且年总降水量存在空间一致性与重庆市东北地区和其他地区反相变化的空间分布形式;各类持续性降水过程频数的空间分布差异较大,持续性降水过程频数的变化趋势表明短期降水过程(持续2 d)逐年增加而持续较长时间(持续5 d及以上)的连阴雨天气过程减少趋势明显;降水强度分析中发现一般降水(小雨、中雨、大雨)的年总降水量呈下降趋势,是引起重庆市年总降水量减少的主要原因,小雨、中雨降水强度逐年减弱而大雨的强度有弱的增强,较强降水等级(暴雨与大暴雨)的年总降水量呈较弱的上升趋势,降水强度也表现为弱的增强趋势;持续5 d及以上降水过程频数的减少可能与当地500 hPa位势高度场的上升及赤道太平洋海表温度的升高相关,大雨及以上等级降水的强度变化可能与El Niño Modoki现象有关.
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| 关 键 词： | 重庆市 降水频数 降水强度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/3/7 0:00:00 |
Precipitation characteristics in Chongqing during 1961-2012 |
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| ZHANG Qianqian,LI Yan,WANG Zhifu and DONG Xinning.Precipitation characteristics in Chongqing during 1961-2012[J].Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,2016,8(3):215-225. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Qianqian LI Yan WANG Zhifu and DONG Xinning |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044;Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044;Chongqing Climate Center, Chongqing 401147 |
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| Abstract: | The daily precipitation in Chongqing during 1961-2012 observed by 34 meteorological stations were used to analyze the precipitation characteristics in temporal and spatial distribution,frequency and intensity by applying methods of EOF,linear regression and correlation analysis.The results indicate that the annual total precipitation of Chongqing is gradually decreasing.There are two patterns for the spatial distribution of annual total precipitation,namely,pattern of wet or dry in all area,and pattern of wet (or dry) in northeast with dry (or wet) in other areas of Chongqing.There are big differences in annual total frequency distribution for different duration precipitations.Linear trends show that short duration(2-day) precipitation processes are increasing,while long-duration(5-day and more) precipitation processes are decreasing in frequency.The reduction of annual total rainfall by general precipitations(including light rain,moderate rain,and heavy rain) may be the main reason for the decrease of annual total precipitation in Chongqing;the light rain and moderate rain are decreasing,but the heavy rain is increasing slightly in intensity.While the annual total rainfall by heavy precipitation processes (storm,heavy storm) is weakly increased,with slightly enhanced precipitation intensity.The decreased frequency of long duration(5-d and more) precipitation processes may be related to the rising trend of 500 hPa geopotential height in Chongqing region and the increment of equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature,while the slight increase in precipitation intensity of heavy rain and storm may be due to the El Niño Modoki. |
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| Keywords: | Chongqing precipitation frequency precipitation intensity |
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