| 故宫博物院雷电灾害及雷电活动特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李京校,齐飞,张宇龙,李如箭,丁国强,倪斌.故宫博物院雷电灾害及雷电活动特征分析[J].南京气象学院学报,2016,8(3):252-258. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李京校 齐飞 张宇龙 李如箭 丁国强 倪斌 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京市避雷装置安全检测中心, 北京, 100089;故宫博物院古建部, 北京, 100009;北京市避雷装置安全检测中心, 北京, 100089;北京市避雷装置安全检测中心, 北京, 100089;北京市避雷装置安全检测中心, 北京, 100089;故宫博物院古建部, 北京, 100009 |
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| 基金项目： | 北京市自然科学基金(8164072);北京市气象局科技研发专项(2013BMBKYZX17) |
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| 摘 要： | 统计分析故宫自建成594年(1420—2014年)以来的雷电灾害事故资料及2005—2014年故宫及周边区域内闪电定位资料,结果显示:有记录的雷击灾害次数51起,雷电灾害都发生在5—9月,主要在6—8月,其中8月最多;雷电灾害发生在故宫南部建筑的次数多于北部,中轴线上的多于两侧,太和殿被雷击次数最多;遭雷击次数最多的部位是古建顶部的吻兽;雷击损害以直接雷击最多.故宫及周边1 km区域内的雷电主要发生在4—10月,主要分布在6—8月,其中8月最多;雷电发生的日变化明显,主要在下午和前半夜,占全天的63.95%;雷电流强度30~40 kA的闪电占总闪电数23.26%,比例最大,总体呈正态分布.雷电活动和雷电灾害在时间分布上整体较为一致.
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| 关 键 词： | 故宫博物院 雷电灾害 雷电活动 时空特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/4/9 0:00:00 |
Characteristic analysis of lightning disasters and lightning activities at the Palace Museum |
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| LI Jingxiao,QI Fei,ZHANG Yulong,LI Rujian,DING Guoqiang and NI Bin.Characteristic analysis of lightning disasters and lightning activities at the Palace Museum[J].Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,2016,8(3):252-258. |
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| Authors: | LI Jingxiao QI Fei ZHANG Yulong LI Rujian DING Guoqiang and NI Bin |
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| Institution: | Beijing Lightning Devices Security Test Center, Beijing 100089;Ancient Building Department of the Palace Museum, Beijing 100009;Beijing Lightning Devices Security Test Center, Beijing 100089;Beijing Lightning Devices Security Test Center, Beijing 100089;Beijing Lightning Devices Security Test Center, Beijing 100089;Ancient Building Department of the Palace Museum, Beijing 100009 |
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| Abstract: | The 594 years lightning disaster records span from 1420 to 2014 for the Palace Museum and the lightning location data over the Palace Museum and its surrounding region from 2005 to 2014 were counted and analyzed.The results show that a total of 51 lightning disasters were recorded for the Palace Museum,mainly occurred during May to September,especially from June to August,and August is the month which has most lightning disasters.The southern buildings and the buildings located at the central axis are more prone to lightning compared with the northern buildings and the buildings located at east or west wing of the Palace Museum,and the Supreme Harmony Palace has the most lightning disasters.The ridge animal statues,which are at the top of the ancient building,are most vulnerable to lightning strokes.In addition,the direct lightning strokes caused most lightning disaster losses.The lightning location data show that the lightning activities mainly occur during April to October,especially from June to August,and August is the month which has most lightning activities.A distinctive diurnal variation exists in lightning activities over the Palace Museum and the surrounding region within 1km range,and afternoon till midnight is the most vulnerable period with 63.95% of lightning occurrence.Generally,the lightning currents distributed normally with 30-40 kA as center,which accounted for 23.26%.The lightning activities and lightning disasters are roughly consistent in temporal distribution. |
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| Keywords: | the Palace Museum lightning disaster lightning activities temporal and spatial characteristics |
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