| 2002年我国沙尘暴天气特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 牛若芸,薛建军,周自江.2002年我国沙尘暴天气特征分析[J].南京气象学院学报,2004,27(2):178-184. |
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| 作者姓名： | 牛若芸 薛建军 周自江 |
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| 作者单位： | 国家气象中心,北京,100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000048703)，中国气象局沙尘暴监测预警服务系统一期工程子课题(SCYJ-05) |
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| 摘 要： | 利用逐日8个时次地面天气报告资料，分析了2002年全国沙尘暴的时空分布特征。结果表明：2002年出现的12次沙尘暴过程以3月18～22日的强沙尘暴过程影响范围最广、强度最强；我国北方地区浑善达克沙地及其周边地区的沙尘暴日数最多。另外，2002年我国沙尘暴高频期集中、早春多于晚春。主要原因是前期北方持续气温偏高、降水偏少，3—4月上中旬影响我国的冷空气十分频繁且强度较强，4月下旬—5月上旬我国北方地区出现了几次较大范围降水，5月中下旬影响我国的冷空气势力较弱且位置偏东。
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| 关 键 词： | 沙尘暴 时空分布特征 面积指数 强度指数 监测预警 |
| 文章编号： | 1000-2022(2004)02-0178-07 |
Characteristics of Sand/Dust Storms in China in 2002 |
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| NIU Ruo-yun,XUE Jian-jun,ZHOU Zi-jiang.Characteristics of Sand/Dust Storms in China in 2002[J].Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,2004,27(2):178-184. |
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| Authors: | NIU Ruo-yun XUE Jian-jun ZHOU Zi-jiang |
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| Abstract: | Based on the available data from surface synoptic reports (8 times every day),the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of sand/dust storms in China in the spring of 2002 are analyzed.The results show that there were mainly twelve dust storm weather processes including five severe dust storm events in China,among which the event on March 18-22 had the largest area and highest intensity.There were three high-frequency centers in northern China in the spring of 2002.Compared with the average of the past 47 years,the number of sand/dust storm days in the spring of 2002 was less than the average value in most parts in Northern China,except for Hunshan Dak sandy land and it's fringes.Additionally,it has been found that most dust storm weather processes concentrated in early spring (from March to mid April) of 2002.The reasons were that in the earlier months the temperature was higher and the precipitation was less than the normal value,therefore the soil moisture was decreasing and soil surface was drier in northern China.When the cold air outbroke and arrived frequently from March to mid April,more dust storms and severe dust storms occurred.From the middle dekad of April to the first dekad of May,several obvious precipitation processes occurred in northern China.After that,the cold air outbreaks were weak and their positions were also to east. |
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| Keywords: | sand/dust storm temporal and spatial distribution area index intensity index |
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