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Interdecadal changes in the relationship between Southern China winter-spring precipitation and ENSO |
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| Authors: | Jiepeng Chen Zhiping Wen Renguang Wu Zesheng Chen Ping Zhao |
| Institution: | 1. Center for Monsoon and Environment Research and Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China 2. Institute of Space and Earth Information Science and Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China 3. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China |
| Abstract: | Winter-spring precipitation in southern China tends to be higher (lower) than normal in El Niño (La Niña) years during 1953–1973. The relationship between the southern China winter-spring precipitation and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is weakened during 1974–1994. During 1953–1973, above-normal southern China rainfall corresponds to warmer sea surface temperature (SST) in the equatorial central Pacific. There are two anomalous vertical circulations with ascent over the equatorial central Pacific and ascent over southern China and a common branch of descent over the western North Pacific that is accompanied by an anomalous lower-level anticyclone. During 1974–1994, above-normal southern China rainfall corresponds to warmer SST in eastern South Indian Ocean and cooler SST in western South Indian Ocean. Two anomalous vertical circulations act to link southern China rainfall and eastern South Indian Ocean SST anomalies, with ascent over eastern South Indian Ocean and southern China and a common branch of descent over the western North Pacific. Present analysis shows that South Indian Ocean SST anomalies can contribute to southern China winter-spring precipitation variability independently. The observed change in the relationship between southern China winter-spring rainfall and ENSO is likely related to the increased SST variability in eastern South Indian Ocean and the modulation of the Pacific decadal oscillation. |
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