Effects of atmosphere-ocean interaction on the interannual variability of winter temperature in Taiwan and East Asia |
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| Authors: | H-H Hsu Y-L Chen W-S Kau |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan E-mail: hsu@atmos1.as.ntu.edu.tw, TW;(2) Central Weather Bureau, Taipei, Taiwan, TW |
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| Abstract: | This study investigated the ocean-atmosphere interaction effect on the winter surface air temperature in Taiwan. Temperature
fluctuations in Taiwan and marine East Asia correlated better with a SST dipole in the western North Pacific than the SST
in the central/eastern equatorial Pacific. During the warm (cold) winters, a positive (negative) SST anomaly appears in marine
East Asia and a negative (positive) SST anomaly appears in the Philippine Sea. The corresponding low-level atmospheric circulation
is a cyclonic (anticyclonic) anomaly over the East Asian continent and an anticyclonic (cyclonic) circulation in the Philippine
Sea during the warm (cold) winters. Based on the results of both numerical and empirical studies, it is proposed that a vigorous
ocean-atmosphere interaction occurring in the western North Pacific modulates the strength of the East Asian winter monsoon
and the winter temperature in marine East Asia. The mechanism is described as follows. The near-surface circulation anomalies,
which are forced by the local SST anomaly, strengthen (weaken) the northeasterly trade winds in the Philippine Sea and weaken
(strengthen) the northeasterly winter monsoon in East Asia during warm (cold) winters. The anomalous circulation causes the
SST to fluctuate by modulating the heat flux at the ocean surface. The SST anomaly in turn enhances the anomalous circulation.
Such an ocean-atmosphere interaction results in the rapid development of the anomalous circulation in the western North Pacific
and the anomalous winter temperature in marine East Asia. This interaction is phase-locked with the seasonal cycle and occurs
most efficiently in the boreal winters.
Received: 22 October 1999 / Accepted: 5 June 2000 |
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