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“珍珠”台风卫星红外通道亮温的数值模拟
引用本文:丁伟钰,万齐林.“珍珠”台风卫星红外通道亮温的数值模拟[J].大气科学,2008,32(3):572-580.
作者姓名:丁伟钰  万齐林
作者单位:中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所, 中国气象局热带季风重点开放实验室, 广州,510080
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划重点项目 , 广东省自然科学基金 , 中国气象局新技术推广重点项目 , 广东省气象局科技研究资助项目
摘    要:热带地区云的覆盖率高, 卫星辐射资料特别是红外通道的数值模拟容易受到云的影响, 提高台风等热带天气系统卫星亮温资料的模拟能力, 有助于热带地区数值模式的检验以及提高卫星资料直接同化的水平。首先, 利用天气研究和预报模式(Weather Research and Forecasting Model, 简称WRF) 对 “珍珠” 台风的三维气象场, 包括云结构特征, 进行了模拟, 并诊断分析了总云量、云顶气压等物理量; 然后, 结合快速辐射传输模式 (fast radiative transfer model for TOVS, 简称RTTOV) 8.7版对 “珍珠” 台风的高分辨率红外辐射探测仪3型 (High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder, 简称HIRS/3) 红外辐射亮温进行了模拟, 并且比较了有云和无云条件下的模拟结果。结果表明, 如果不考虑云的影响, RTTOV模式无法模拟出台风的结构特征; 结合三维云特征的模拟量, RTTOV模式可以较好地模拟出HIRS/3第4~10、13~19通道的辐射亮温。加入云结构特征对峰值能量高度在云层以下的红外通道的模拟有正面影响, 该方案既可以作为检验模式模拟的一种手段, 同时也表明红外资料在热带天气系统的资料同化领域具有潜在的应用能力。

关 键 词:“珍珠”台风  高分辨率红外辐射探测仪3型红外通道  快速辐射传输模式
文章编号:1006-9895(2008)03-0572-09
修稿时间:2006年12月26

The Simulation of Typhoon Chanchu Infrared Channels Brightness Temperature
DING Wei-Yu and WAN Qi-Lin.The Simulation of Typhoon Chanchu Infrared Channels Brightness Temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2008,32(3):572-580.
Authors:DING Wei-Yu and WAN Qi-Lin
Abstract:The high cloud coverage in the tropics makes it easier for numerically simulated satellite radiation data,especially those in the infrared channels,to be subject to clouds.Improved simulation of satellite-derived temperature of brightness blackbody(TBB) data for tropical synoptic systems helps to verify numerical models for the tropics and improve the direct use of satellite information in assimilation.The work first uses the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model to simulate the three-dimensional meteorological field of typhoon Chanchu,including the cloud structure,and physical quantities,such as total cloud fractions and cloud top pressure,are diagnostically studied.Then,version 8.7 of a fast radiative transfer model for TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder(RTTOV) is used to simulate the infrared TBB of the storm measured with the High resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder(HIRS) and simulations are compared for conditions with and without clouds.It is shown in the results that the RTTOV model cannot simulate the structure of Typhoon Chanchu accurately and the simulated temperature is generally higher than the observation if the cloud effect is not taken into account under such extreme condition as the typhoon.By including the threedimensional structure of clouds simulated by meteorological models,the RTTOV model can simulate the spiral structure on the infrared channels of HIRS/3 (like channels 4-10 and channels 13-19).Clouds have positive effect on the simulation of infrared channels that altitudes of peak energy are below the cloud layers.The TBB simulated with the scheme in this paper reproduces the structural characteristics of the typhoon and is well correlated with the observation.It shows that the scheme is one of the ways to verify model simulation.TBB of some infrared channels has the potential applicability in data assimilation of tropical synoptic systems.
Keywords:Typhoon Chanchu  HIRS/3 infrared channel  fast radiative transfer model for TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder
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