| 物理协调大气变分客观分析模型及其在青藏高原的应用I: 方法与评估 |
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| 引用本文： | 王东海,姜晓玲,张春燕,庞紫豪,梁钊明,张明华.物理协调大气变分客观分析模型及其在青藏高原的应用I: 方法与评估[J].大气科学,2022,46(3):621-644. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王东海 姜晓玲 张春燕 庞紫豪 梁钊明 张明华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中山大学大气科学学院/广东省气候变化与自然灾害研究重点实验室/热带海洋系统科学教育部重点实验室/南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室 (珠海), 珠海519082 |
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| 基金项目： | 次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目;国家自然科学基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文系统地介绍了基于约束变分客观分析法构建的物理协调大气变分客观分析模型，并将模型首次应用于青藏高原那曲试验区。该模型可融合不同时空分辨率的多来源数据，通过利用地面降水和地面、大气顶部的热通量等大气上下边界的观测资料来约束调整探空观测变量，从而尽可能保证气柱内的质量、热量、水汽和动量收支平衡。对模型及其产生的第三次青藏高原大气科学试验那曲试验区2014年8月期间的大气分析数据集进行评估分析，结果表明模型生成的常规状态量很好地保留了观测特征，模型生成的重要大尺度衍生量（如，垂直速度、散度、温度/水汽平流、视热源、视水汽汇等）可以较好地反映试验期内大气柱的动力、热力和水汽结构特征，有利于对大气降水过程的分析研究。分析发现，350～400 hPa高度层是该时期那曲试验区的动力、热量和水汽的重要变化中心。从各种观测资料对模型生成的分析场的影响来看，探空观测对高空风场的影响最大，但这种影响的幅度在1 m/s以内；降水和上下边界通量观测主要影响大尺度衍生量，如垂直速度，其中降水主要影响降水时期的上升运动，通量观测主要影响弱/无降水时期的下沉运动。总体而言，物理协调大气变分客观分析模型具备较好的稳定性和合理性。
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| 关 键 词： | 物理协调大气变分客观分析模型 约束变分分析 青藏高原那曲试验区 多来源观测 评估 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-04-20 |
Physically Consistent Atmospheric Variational Objective Analysis Model and Its Applications over the Tibetan Plateau. Part Ⅰ: Method and Evaluation |
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| WANG Donghai,JIANG Xiaoling,ZHANG Chunyan,PANG Zihao,LIANG Zhaoming,ZHANG Minghua.Physically Consistent Atmospheric Variational Objective Analysis Model and Its Applications over the Tibetan Plateau. Part Ⅰ: Method and Evaluation[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2022,46(3):621-644. |
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| Authors: | WANG Donghai JIANG Xiaoling ZHANG Chunyan PANG Zihao LIANG Zhaoming ZHANG Minghua |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Atmospheric Sciences/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies/Key Laboratory of Tropical Atmosphere–Ocean System, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 5190822.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 1000813.National Meteorological Information Center, Beijing 1000814.State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794 |
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| Abstract: | A physically consistent atmospheric objective analysis model, based on the constrained variational analysis method, was applied to the Tibetan Plateau for large-scale atmospheric structure analysis. This objective analysis model can deal with multisource measurements with different spatial and temporal resolutions, and satisfy the conservation of column-integrated mass, heat, moisture, and momentum using surface precipitation and flux data at the surface and top of the atmosphere to constrain the sounding measurements. An experiment during August 2014 around Naqu in the Tibetan Plateau shows that those state variables generated by the model can retain observational characteristics. The analyzed large-scale derivatives, such as vertical velocity, divergence, temperature and water vapor advection, apparent heat source, and apparent moisture sink, obtained by the objective analysis model, can reasonably demonstrate dynamic, thermal, and moisture structures during the analysis period, which is conducive to precipitation process studies. It also shows that the layer of 350–400 hPa is an important change center of dynamics, heat, and water vapor in the analysis region during August 2014. Different sources of measurements have different impacts on the final analysis fields in this model. The sounding measurement significantly impacts the upper-level wind, but the amplitude of this impact is small, within 1 m/s. Precipitation and flux measurements mainly affect the large-scale derivatives, such as vertical velocity, in which precipitation mainly affects the upward movement during precipitation periods, and flux data mainly affect the downward movement during light rain/no-rain periods. Generally, the physically consistent atmospheric variational objective analysis model has high stability and strong validity. |
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