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厄尔尼诺现象对北半球大气环流和中国降水的影响
引用本文:赵振国.厄尔尼诺现象对北半球大气环流和中国降水的影响[J].大气科学,1996,20(4):422-428.
作者姓名:赵振国
作者单位:国家气候中心,北京 100081
基金项目:本文由中国气象局重点科研项目“长期预报理论和方法研究”资助
摘    要:本文主要讨论了厄尔尼诺现象对北半球大气环流和中国季风降水的影响。研究表明,在厄尔尼诺开始年的春夏季,对流层上部位势高度和副热带高压都处在由弱到强的转变状态,我国东部地区大范围少雨;秋季发生明显的趋势转折,秋季到次年夏季,对流层上部位势高度升高,副高增强西伸,除次年2、3月份全国大范围少雨外,其余月份大都为南多北少的分布型,这种分布形态在开始年秋季最典型。厄尔尼诺开始年、次年,长江中下游入梅期偏晚。

关 键 词:厄尔尼诺    大气环流    中国    降水    入梅

Impact of El Ni?o Events on Atmospheric Circulations in the Northern Hemisphere and Precipitation in China
Zhao Zhenguo.Impact of El Ni?o Events on Atmospheric Circulations in the Northern Hemisphere and Precipitation in China[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,1996,20(4):422-428.
Authors:Zhao Zhenguo
Institution:National Climate Center. Beijing 100081
Abstract:in this paper,the influence of EI Nino events on atmospheric circulations in the NorthernHemisphere and precipitation in China is discussed. Analysis suggests that, the geopotential height islower than normal in the upper troposphere and the western Pacific subtropical high at 500 hPa isweaker and the rainfall is less in a large area of China in the spring and summer of EI Nino onset year.Turning date aPPears in Autumn. The height is higher than normal in the upper troPOsphere and thesubtropical high is Stronger from Autumn of the E1 Nino onset year to summer of the next year. the rainfall is above the average in South China and below average in the north during the period exceptlight rain in a great part of China in February and March of the next year. The rainfall pattern is mosttypical in the Autumn of E1 Nino onset year. In addition, beginning date of the Meiyu period is laterthan normal in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in E1 Nino beginning year and thefollowing year.
Keywords:E1 Ni o atmospheric circulation China precipitation  onset of Meiyu
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