| 基于云亮温和降水回波顶高度分类的夏季青藏高原降水研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 傅云飞,潘晓,刘国胜,李锐,仲雷.基于云亮温和降水回波顶高度分类的夏季青藏高原降水研究[J].大气科学,2016,40(1):102-120. |
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| 作者姓名： | 傅云飞 潘晓 刘国胜 李锐 仲雷 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学技术大学地球与空间科学学院, 合肥 230026 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目41230419、91337213、40730950、40375018,公益性行业(气象)科研专项 GYHY201306077 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文利用热带测雨卫星(TRMM, Tropical Rain Measuring Mission)第七版逐日逐轨测雨雷达(PR, Precipitation Radar)及可见光和红外扫描仪(VIRS, Visible and Infrared Scanner)的融合数据集,研究了夏季青藏高原上降水类型的特征.统计结果表明第七版PR降水回波强度及降水率廓线资料(2A25)仍旧误判青藏高原上以层云降水为主(比例高达85%);以云顶相态定义的青藏高原降水类型统计表明,冰相云顶和冰水混合相云顶的降水分别占43%和56%;以降水回波顶高度定义的降水类型统计表明,深厚弱对流降水和浅薄降水分别占77%和22%,而深厚强对流降水仅占1%.空间分布的统计表明,冰相云顶降水和冰水混合相云顶降水的频次和强度自高原西部向高原东部和东南部增加,其降水回波顶高度自高原西、中部向东部降低.深厚强对流降水和浅薄降水的频次由西向东增加,而深厚弱对流降水频次分布是西少、北少、南多,高原南部比北部的深厚弱对流降水频次高出近1倍;深厚弱对流降水和浅薄降水的平均强度也表现了自高原西部、中部向东部的增大,而其降水回波顶高度分布则相反.总体上,夏季青藏高原降水频次和强度自西向东增多和增大,而云顶和降水回波顶高度则相反.
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| 关 键 词： | 青藏高原 云 降水 热红外亮温 测雨雷达 热带测雨卫星 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/3/24 0:00:00 |
Characteristics of Precipitation Based on Cloud Brightness Temperatures and Storm Tops in Summer Tibetan Plateau |
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| FU Yunfei,PAN Xiao,LIU Guosheng,LI Rui and ZHONG Lei.Characteristics of Precipitation Based on Cloud Brightness Temperatures and Storm Tops in Summer Tibetan Plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2016,40(1):102-120. |
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| Authors: | FU Yunfei PAN Xiao LIU Guosheng LI Rui and ZHONG Lei |
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| Institution: | School of Earth and Apace Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 |
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| Abstract: | Characteristics of precipitation types are investigated in summer over the Tibetan Plateau based on the merged 2A25 and 1B01 datasets issued by TRMM (Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission). The statistics show that many more stratiform precipitation samples are included in 2A25, version 7, in summer over the Tibetan Plateau, and their ratio reaches 85%. In the definition of precipitation types based upon the cloud top brightness temperature (i.e., cloud phases) observed by the thermal infrared channel of VIRS (Visible and Infrared Scanner), results indicate about 43% and 56% of precipitation with ice, mixed ice and water in the top precipitating clouds, respectively, in summer over the Tibetan Plateau. This compares to versus about 77%, 22% and 1% for deep weak convective precipitation, shallow precipitation, and deep strong convective precipitation, respectively, according to storm top classification. The spatial distribution indicates that the frequency and rain intensity of precipitation with ice or mixed ice and water in the top of precipitating clouds increases from the western plateau towards the eastern and southeastern plateau. However, the storm top altitudes for these precipitating clouds decrease from the western and central plateau towards the eastern plateau. In the category of precipitation types defined by storm top altitudes, their spatial distributions show that the frequency of the deep strong convective and shallow precipitation increases from the western plateau towards the eastern plateau, while the frequency of the deep weak convective precipitation shows that it is less in the western and northern plateau, opposite to that in the southern plateau where it is usually one time higher than that in the northern plateau. The spatial distribution of rainfall intensity for both deep weak convective precipitation and shallow precipitation also displays an increasing trend from the western and central plateau towards the eastern plateau, with the opposite variation of storm top altitudes for both precipitation types. In conclusion, the variation in the frequency and intensity of precipitation in summer over the Tibetan Plateau increases from the western to the eastern plateau, contrary to the altitude variation of cloud top and storm top. |
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| Keywords: | Tibetan Plateau Cloud Precipitation Thermal infrared brightness temperature Precipitation radar TRMM |
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