| CH4和N2O的辐射强迫与全球增温潜能 |
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| 引用本文： | 张华,张若玉,何金海,吴金秀.CH4和N2O的辐射强迫与全球增温潜能[J].大气科学,2013,37(3):745-754. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张华 张若玉 何金海 吴金秀 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,国家气候中心,北京 100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究计划2010CB955703 |
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| 摘 要： | CH4和N2O作为主要温室气体,自工业革命以来排放量急剧增加,已经被列入《京都议定书》要求控制它们的排放。本文利用高光谱分辨率的辐射传输模式,计算了CH4、N2O在晴空大气和有云大气条件下的瞬时辐射效率和平流层调整的辐射效率,以及它们的全球增温潜能(GWP)和全球温变潜能(GTP),并根据模式结果拟合了CH4和N2O的辐射强迫的简单计算公式。本文的研究表明:CH4和N2O在有云大气下的平流层调整的辐射效率分别为4.142×10-4 W m-2 ppb-1和3.125×10-3 W m-2 ppb-1 (1ppb=10-9),经大气寿命调整后的辐射效率分别为3.732×10-4 W m-2 ppb-1和2.987×10-3 W m-2 ppb-1,与IPCC(2007)的相应结果高度一致。CH4和N2O 100年的全球增温潜能GWP分别为16和266；100年的脉冲排放的全球温变潜能GTPP分别为0.24和233；持续排放的全球温变潜能GTPS分别为18和268。它们在未来全球变暖和气候变化中,影响仅次于CO2,仍然起着非常关键的作用。
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| 关 键 词： | CH4 N2O 辐射效率 全球增温潜能(GWP) 全球温变潜能(GTP) |
| 收稿时间： | 2/6/2012 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2012/10/30 0:00:00 |
Radiative Forcing and Global Warming Potentials of CH4 and N2O |
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| ZHANG Hu,ZHANG Ruoyu,HE Jinhai and WU Jinxiu.Radiative Forcing and Global Warming Potentials of CH4 and N2O[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2013,37(3):745-754. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Hu ZHANG Ruoyu HE Jinhai and WU Jinxiu |
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| Institution: | 1.Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 1000812.Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081;Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 2100443.Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 2100444.Shanghai Weather Information Media Center, Shanghai 200030 |
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| Abstract: | As the main long-lived greenhouse gases, CH4 and N2O are included in the Kyoto Protocol, and countries are required to limit the rapid increase in their emissions since the Industrial Revolution. In this work, a radiative transfer model with a high resolution of 998 bands is used to calculate the instantaneous radiative efficiencies, stratospheric- adjusted radiative efficiencies, and lifetime-adjusted radiative efficiencies of CH4 and N2O for clear and cloudy skies, as well as their global warming potentials (GWPs) and global temperature potentials (GTPs). Simple fitting formulas for calculating the adjusted radiative forcing due to CH4 and N2O are given on the basis of the model results in this work. It is shown that the radiative efficiencies of CH4 and N2O for cloudy skies are 4.142×10-4 W m-2 ppb-1 (1ppb=10-9) and 3.125×10-3 W m-2 ppb-1 after stratospheric adjustment, and 3.732×10-4 W m-2 ppb-1 and 2.987×10-3 W m-2 ppb-1, respectively, after lifetime adjustment, which are highly consistent with those of the IPCC (2007). Moreover, the 100-year GWPs of CH4 and N2O are 16 and 266, respectively, and their corresponding 100-year GTPs are 18 and 268 for sustained emissions, and 0.24 and 233 for pulse emissions. These results indicate that CH4 and N2O will still play a critical role in future global warming, second only to CO2. |
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| Keywords: | CH4 N2O Greenhouse gases Radiative efficiency Global warming potential (GWP) Global temperature potential (GTP) |
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