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我国东部梅雨期降水的年际和年代际变化特征及其与大气环流和海温的关系
引用本文:马音,陈文,冯瑞权,等.我国东部梅雨期降水的年际和年代际变化特征及其与大气环流和海温的关系[J].大气科学,2012,36(2):397-410.
作者姓名:马音  陈文  冯瑞权  
作者单位:1.中国科学院大气物理研究所季风系统研究中心, 北京 100190;中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划项目2009CB421405, 国家自然科学基金资助项目41025017、 40921160379
摘    要:基于我国160站59年(1951~2009年)的月降水观测资料、美国气象环境预报中心和国家大气研究中心(NCEP/NCAR)提供的再分析资料和Hadley中心的海表温度(Sea Surface Temperature,简称SST)资料,对我国东部(100°E以东,15°N~40°N)梅雨期(6月和7月)降水的时空变化特...

关 键 词:梅雨期降水  年际变化  年代际变化  大气环流异常  海温异常

Interannual and Interdecadal Variations of Precipitation over Eastern China during Meiyu Season and Their Relationships with the Atmospheric Circulation and SST
MA Yin,CHEN Wen,FONG Soikun and et al.Interannual and Interdecadal Variations of Precipitation over Eastern China during Meiyu Season and Their Relationships with the Atmospheric Circulation and SST[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,2012,36(2):397-410.
Authors:MA Yin  CHEN Wen  FONG Soikun and
Institution:1.Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190;Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 1000492.Center for Monsoon System Research, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1001903.Macau Geophysical and Meteorological Bureau, Macau, China
Abstract:Based on the monthly mean rainfall data at 160 China stations, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction /National Centers for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis dataset, and HadISST1 dataset for 1951-2009, the temporal evolution and spatial distribution of precipitation over eastern China (15°N-40°N, east of 100°E) during the Meiyu season (June and July) are investigated with the empirical orthogonal function (EOF). It shows that there are two dominant modes, the first EOF mode depicting a precipitation oscillation between the Yangtze River valley and South China, and the second EOF mode describing a consistent precipitation anomaly over the south of the Yangtze River. In this study two time scales are separated as: interannual component whose period is shorter than eight years and interdecadal component whose period is longer than eight years. After analyzing the precipitation at these two time scales during Meiyu season, it is found that for both of the annual scale and the decadal scale, the first two leading modes are a precipitation oscillation between the Yangtze River valley and South China, and a consistent precipitation anomaly over the south of the Yangtze River. The result of the comparison between these two time scales shows that the pattern for the precipitation oscillation between the Yangtze River valley and South China has clear interannual and interdecadal variations, and the pattern for the consistent precipitation anomaly over the south of the Yangtze River is mainly characterized by interdecadal variation. The atmospheric circulation and the sea surface temperature (SST) patterns associated with these two modes are investigated through the regression / correlation method. It shows that although the leading modes of interannual component are similar to those at the decadal scale, the associated circulation and SST anomalies are quite different. The atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with the pattern which shows the precipitation oscillation between the Yangtze River valley and South China for the interannual component include the double blockings at mid-high latitudes and the meridional wave train over Eurasia, and the East Asian subtropical jet shows significant positive anomaly. The atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with this pattern of the interdecadal component include the consistent positive geopotential height anomaly over Eurasia, and the subtropical high over East Asia strengthens and shifts northward. The SST anomalies associated with this pattern of the interannual component is mainly represented by the positive SST anomaly over the ocean around Japan and the Indian Ocean during the preceding winter and spring, and over the South China Sea during the simultaneous Meiyu period. The SST anomalies associated with this pattern of the interdecadal component is mainly represented by the negative horseshoe SST anomaly over the North Pacific during the simultaneous Meiyu period. The atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with the pattern which shows the consistent precipitation anomaly over the south of the Yangtze River for the interannual component are characterized by the Okhotsk blocking high and the meridional wave train in East Asia. And the atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with this pattern of the interdecadal component include the positive geopotential height anomaly over Eurasia and the East Asian subtropical jet weakens and shifts southward. The SST anomalies associated with this pattern of the interannual component mainly are represented by the negative SST anomaly over the North Pacific and the positive SST anomaly over the east coast of Australia during the preceding winter and spring, and the positive SST anomaly over the South China Sea during the simultaneous Meiyu season. The positive SST anomalies over the coast seas of East Asia during the preceding winter and spring, and those over the South China Sea and the tropical western Pacific during the simultaneous Meiyu period are highly correlated with this pattern of the interdecadal component.
Keywords:precipitation during the Meiyu season  interannual variation  interdecadal variation  atmospheric circulation anomaly  SST anomaly
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